While men and women in 1987 may be able to achieve equally in academic settings, gender differences in affective and value factors associated with achieving academically may exist. Differences in the values attached to academic achievement and thus the motivation behind achievements, and feelings about the situation in which education takes place…

A study investigated the relationship of trait emotion to Communication Apprehension (CA). It was hypothesized that (1) persons with high CA scores will have lower trait pleasure, arousal, dominance, and arousal seeking tendencies; and (2) a regression equation could be produced in which communication apprehension scores may be explained in terms…

The originator of the communication apprehension (CA) construct has consistently maintained that communication apprehensive people should not be expected to exhibit anxious behaviors. On the other hand, inept and incompetent communicative actions constitute the reticence syndrome, clearly a construct defined through behaviors. Noting that it is…

Widely held cultural beliefs assert that alcohol can offer both an ameliorative and preventive solution to the problem of depression. This study attempted to assess the effects of learned helplessness--a possible laboratory analog to reactive depression--on alcohol consumption. Thirty-eight female undergraduates were randomly assigned (within…

After receiving a sample shock, subjects in a Threat Condition were told that they would receive additional painful shocks while subjects in a Nonthreat Condition were not threatened with additional shocks. Subjects in an Avoidant Thinking Condition were then instructed to read and think about an amusing story, subjects in a Situation Redefinition…

The paper describes a group desensitization program aimed at assisting students to perform to the best of their ability in a testing situation if they suffer from extreme debilitating anxiety. Since the problem is pervasive and the number of trained limited, the author suggests that the group program is an efficient and effective method of…

The impact of a college human sexuality course upon sexual attitudes and behavior was examined. A questionnaire, designed by the authors, was administered to students of a human sexuality course and a social psychology course at the beginning and end of the spring semester, 1975. On six of the seven attitudinal categories measured, students from…

Examined relative effectiveness of reflection of feeling and probe in eliciting self-referenced affect in a low-structured counseling situation. The sample was composed of 40 female volunteer subjects, randomly assigned to one of four treatment-experimenter groups. Both reflection of feeling and probe significantly increased client production of…

Women in different phases of the menstrual cycle were compared to men in their responses to a social interaction stimulus: a videotape depicting a female nurse interacting with a hospitalized patient. Sex differences and cycle-phase differences were found for both affective and cognitive dimensions. Premenstrual women differed from other women,…

Analyzed 10 interaction dimensions of group behavior and three emotional atmosphere categories among old and young participants in 12 "support-discussion" groups. Results showed significant differences with respect to frequencies of boundary, self-disclosure, and support behaviors. In addition, the young showed signs of boredom more frequently.…

In this paper we report on a case study of a university student (third year of Mathematics course). She was engaged in proving a statement of elementary number theory. We asked her to write the thoughts that accompanied her solving process. She was collaborative and her protocol is suitable to study the interrelation between affect and cognition.…

The Preventive Coping Resources Inventory (PRI) was developed to assess specific coping resources most useful for stress prevention and also applicable to education settings. Undergraduates (N=501) at a large, southwestern university completed the inventory and other measures of adjustment and coping. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five…

Subjects interacted with a counselor using either a cognitively or an affectively oriented style. Analysis revealed significant generalization effects on self-attribute ratings resulting from counseling approach and a significant interaction of defensive style with counseling approach. No significant generalization effects were found on analysis…