An exploration of the linguistic patterns and conversational strategies of adult learners was conducted to clarify the relationship between individuals' oral communicative ability and their levels of proficiency in the nonoral literate modes of reading and writing. The connection between social class and language development was also examined.…

Role theory predicts that when expectations are disconfirmed, the perception of persons who do not conform to the stereotypes may be distorted. To investigate the evaluation of sex-typed behavior in males and females, male and female college students (N=120) read about one of four persons described as either a man or woman in either a masculine or…

Under a mastery learning system students can take successive parallel tests with study interspersed between tests until they demonstrate a minimal level of competency. For most students, such procedures increase final performance, yet some may experience repeated subjective failure. Self-worth theory predicts that repeated failure in the face of…

Excerpts from transcripts of sessions at the Institute on Innovations in Undergraduate Education, attended by 32 faculty and administrators representing 10 colleges and universities, are presented. Practitioners discuss their observations and experiences in innovation programs, led by staff members of the University of Michigan's Center for the…

Seven mastery instruction courses offered in different quarters at the University of Washington are examined. The study method involved obtaining student ratings of these courses for comparison among themselves and with student ratings of traditional lecture method courses in the same subject field. For this purpose a Mastery Instruction Student…

The effects of actor identity on achievement attributions for success and failure were investigated. Subjects filled out a locus of control scale either for themselves, a neutral other, a liked other, or a disliked other. Within each actor identity variation, the scale items were either (1) unchanged from the original version or specified as (2)…

A major objective of this study was to seek the relationship of principles derived from traditional paired-associates transfer experiments as applied to the reading task. In this experiment 10 subjects from upper-division education courses, all volunteers, received various types of preliminary training with letter stimuli; then all subjects…

This study examines the efficacy of specially devised information in altering students' perceptions of the appropriateness of personal problems for counseling and their willingness to seek counseling for such problems. Women at a large Eastern university provided the sample for this study; one group received oral-written information, another group…

THE CONCEPT OF PERSERVATION WAS EXTENDED TO A MORE NEURAL LEVEL TO INCLUDE PERSISTENCE OF TRACE ACTIVITY, AND A STUDY WAS MADE TO SEARCH FOR THE DIMENSIONS OF TRACE PERSISTENCE. THE STUDY WAS CONDUCTED TO IDENTIFY BEHAVIORAL DIFFERENCES OF INDIVIDUAL LEARNING PROCESSES AMONG STUDENTS. THE STUDY DID NOT TAKE THE TRADITIONAL PERSONALITY-MOTIVATION…

This article summarizes a study (Odlin 1978) using variable rules analyses to describe the contraction patterns of six Mexican students of English as a second language. (CFM)

Presents an effective strategy for having business writing students create drafts of their work, so that final copies of assignments receive better grades, and students subsequently feel better about the class. (JC)

Presents a study which examined the racial discrimination of South African students using a playing strategy in the prisoners dilemma game as an unobtrusive measure. Concludes that both Black and White students cooperated to a greater extent with a Black co-player, revealing a paternalistic approach on the part of some Whites and apparent reverse…

A pedagogy for critical literacy, as it is a pedagogy for learning to locate oneself in history, can make it possible for students to begin reclaiming their voices, and their rights to authorship, by enabling them to discover the social construction of their voices in contradiction. (Author/BJV)

College counseling needs to generate constructive alternatives. Analysis of the prevalent orientation suggests that it uses "person-blame" problem definitions, leading to characteristic counseling practices, self-perpetuating counselor behavior and uncritical research. A balanced person-situation problem definition orientation is suggested and…

The teaching-learning process for counselors-in-training can be maximized through the use of multifaceted assessments. Extensive research shows the efficacy of involving students in making decisions about their own learning and assessment. The Jacksonville State University counselor education program is used to exemplify how assessment results can…