Subjects (N=48) attempted 24 trials of a psychomotor task to avoid aversive stimulus. Subject-experimenters, with solution expectancies instilled, offered information to subjects. Found that subject-experimenter expectancies were communicated to subjects via periodic comments. Expectancies affected subjects' task performance. Previous similar task…

Results of this study indicate that sexual guilt is a far better and more powerful predictor of level of sex information obtained, sexual attitudes held, and sexual behavior expressed than religion. The more frequently students attend church, the more likely high sexual guilt will interfere with their sexuality. (Author)

Results indicate that individuals with relatively less developed (less differentiated) interpersonal construct systems can be expected to exhibit greater consistency between their attitudes about a person and their behavioral intentions toward that person than those with more developed interpersonal construct systems. (PD)

The results indicated that those subjects who possessed the coronary-prone behavior pattern (Type As) arrived earlier than those subjects who did not exhibit this behavior pattern (Type Bs). (Author)

Two reaction-time experiments examined the cognitive processes by which people infer whether individuals who possess one trait also possess another. Subjects were college students. (CM)

Motivational interviewing (MI) is a brief intervention that has been shown to reduce heavy drinking among college students. Because all college studies of MI to date have included a personalized feedback report, it remains unclear which of the components is necessary to produce behavior change. This study evaluated the separate and collective…

Identity development is a critical period that extends into adulthood. Based on E. H. Erikson's (1968) theory, this study explored how identity statuses best separate heavy- from light-drinking college students. Exploring identity status can assist students in making healthier behavior choices. (Contains 3 tables.)

The hypothesis that the presence of males inhibits the emergence of women as leaders and that this phenomenon is unrelated to differences in dominance, but rather to sex role expectations, was tested. Thirty women attending a woman's college were paired with both male and female peers, whom they did not know, for an experimental task in which one…

This study was designed to test the hypothesis that subjects will prefer to sit nearer to an agreeing stranger than to a disagreeing stranger. A second purpose was to provide a behavioral and an unobtrusive measure of interpersonal attraction. Subjects were 40 college student volunteers from an introductory psychology course. Each subject was…

Forty University of Toledo Teacher Corps interns (23 black and 17 white) were asked to respond to a Rokeach Value Survey on the first day of regular classes, at the end of the year, and at the end of the program. The objective was to examine what significant value changes, if any, took place during the program. Results are assessed according to…

Reviews of research in the area of creativity have consistently emphasized the importance of the criterion problem while simultaneously documenting its neglect by contemporary investigators. The failure to explicitly place the criterion problem within an appropriate conceptual model is perhaps a major reason for the failure to confront directly…

A comparison was made of the effects of systematic desensitization, a "sensitization" treatment (designed to increase awareness of anxiety) and no-treatment on the reduction of beginning counselors' anxiety. Forty-one counseling graduate students, assigned to one of the three conditions, served as subjects. With treatments intervening, the…

Examines intrinsic individual differences in conceptual behavior with a multivariate model, three mode factor analysis. The analyses yielded five individual difference performance factors, three stage factors, and four response components indicating the importance of a multivariate representation of complex behavior. (Author/DEP)

Examined differences in the verbal behavior of deep-elaborative versus shallow-reiterative learners who discussed personal problems. Verbal behavior of deep-elaborative subjects was rated as clearer, deeper, and more conclusion oriented and personal. There were no differences between groups on counseling satisfaction. (Author/BL)