A study was conducted to determine the effect on perceived meaning of the way a photograph is reproduced and to discover whether there would be an interaction between the complexity of photographic subject matter and the complexity of reproduction method. Each of 160 college students in a sophomore-level American history course was given a packet…

This study examined the perceptions of African American college students about the campus environment at a predominantly white university, using reflexive photographs and photo elicitation interviews. Five female and five male students were asked to take photographs on campus that illustrated their impressions of the university or that would help…

Five different ways that viewers conceptualize and take stances toward a photograph are identified from a study that involved 384 written responses to a photograph. Subjects included 63 faculty members from Queensland (Australia) Institute of Technology, 80 school teachers, 67 photographers, and 174 12-year-olds. In focus group discussions, 25…