In the literature on the relationship between learning environments and students' approaches to learning, much attention has been directed to aspects that foster a "deep approach." Considerably less attention has been directed to aspects that result in the opposite, namely a "surface approach." Indeed, there is a small…

Objectives: Self-concealment is an important issue that hinders progress in the psychological help process. Considering its negative consequences in the field of mental health, it is important to address its relationship with risk factors and protective factors. Therefore, the present study examined whether self-differentiation was related to…

Background: Separate lines of research have shown that higher levels of parental overcontrol and parental anxiety are related to higher levels of child anxiety. The mechanisms of transmission, however, are poorly understood. Objective: It has been theorized, though not empirically tested, that parental overcontrol and anxiety increase children's…