Background: In 2013, President Obama lifted the federal ban on gun violence research. The current study provides one of the first reports to estimate household gun ownership as reported by youth. Methods: In this cohort study of 3,006 high school seniors from 24 schools, we examined the frequency of household guns ownership. Results: About 65%…

We use hierarchical cross-classified random-effects models to simultaneously measure age, period, and cohort patterns of mortality risk between 1986 and 2006 for non-Hispanic white and non-Hispanic black men and women with less than a high school education, a high school education, and more than a high school education. We examine all-cause…

Racial integration and its outcomes have been critiqued for nearly 60 years. While the impact on teachers was vast, data on the impact on teachers outside of the American South is limited. The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives of 6 African American teachers who described experiences of racial integration and its progress in a…

Perhaps the most prevailing inequalities in educational achievement in England are those associated with socio-economic status (SES), ethnicity and gender. However, little research has sought to compare the relative size of these gaps or to explore interactions between these factors. This paper analyses the educational achievement at age 11, 14…

In the article "Cohort Effects on Non-marital Fertility," in this issue of "Social Forces," Jean Stockard employs a novel strategy for disentangling cohort, period, and age effects on the non-marital fertility ratio. In a model with fixed-effect controls for age and for time period, the author documents evidence for three cohort-specific factors…

Using data from the Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Study, this study analysed the stability of child aggressive behaviour beginning in infancy and tested whether spanking when the child was 36 months was associated with aggressive child behaviour among three ethnic groups and whether maternal warmth moderated the effect of spanking on…

The black-white difference in test scores for the three standardizations of the Woodcock-Johnson battery of cognitive tests is analyzed in terms of birth cohorts covering the years from 1920 through 1991. Among persons tested at ages 6-65, a narrowing of the difference occurred in overall IQ and in the two most highly "g"-loaded clusters…

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the impact of age, gender, and race on the prevalence and severity of hearing loss in elder adults, aged 72-96 years, after accounting for income, education, smoking, and clinical and subclinical cardiovascular disease. Methods: Air-conduction thresholds for standard and extended high-frequency…

Cohort analysis was used to compare changes in the prevalence of marital instability among Mexican American women with those observed among Black and Anglo women in the southwestern United States. Recent (1960-70) trends were found to be toward increased divergence in levels of marital instability among these three groups. (Author/GC)

The study purpose was to determine whether unsealed (with participant recording of daily steps) versus sealed pedometer monitoring elicits reactivity (i.e., changed behavior due to awareness of being monitored) in adults. In a randomized controlled crossover study, 28 healthy White adults (12 men, M age = 51 [plus or minus] 9.9 years; and 16…

Examined impact of age, period, and cohort effects on United States white male suicide rates between 1933 and 1978. Employed Shazam ordinary-least-squares computer package to estimate logit coefficients for seven models. Results revealed that period effects were weaker than age and cohort effects for explaining shifts in white male suicide…

Analysis of Current Population Survey data indicates that each successive cohort of white family heads born since 1944-48 faced an increasingly greater chance of being poor, even with the increase in female-headed families controlled. The black cohort effect is not significant, but period effects suggest that blacks' economic gains of the 1970s…

Finds somewhat greater upward mobility and less father to son occupational inheritance among 1962 and 1973 cohorts of 25- to 34-year-old White U.S. men than among late nineteenth-century men, but the differences are smaller when comparisons are restricted to the nonfarm sector. Contains 39 references. (SV)

Compared urbanized obese and nonobese American Indians and Caucasians on the Mini-Mult Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory and I-E Scale (N=160). Found that the Indian sample had higher Hypomania scale scores. Males had higher Depression and Hypochondriasis scale scores than females. Mini-Multi and I-E Scale scores were similar across…

Data from the General Social Survey (GSS) collected in the years 1990-1996 are examined for the relationship between fertility and intelligence as measured by vocabulary. The results show that the relation between fertility and intelligence has been consistently negative for successive birth cohorts from to 1900 to 1979, indicating the presence of…