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Hayes, David A.; Henk, William A. – 1983
A study examined the effects of pictorial and verbal illustrations on the initial learning and long term retention of written instruction. Subjects were eighth and ninth grade students randomly assigned to one of two text conditions (literal or analogous instructions) under one of four pictorial conditions (no picture, functional drawing,…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Comparative Analysis, Grade 8, Grade 9
