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Schwamborn, Annett; Mayer, Richard E.; Thillmann, Hubertina; Leopold, Claudia; Leutner, Detlev – Journal of Educational Psychology, 2010
In this study, 9th-grade students (N = 196) with a mean age of 14.7 years read a scientific text explaining the chemical process of doing laundry with soap and water and then took 3 tests. Students who were instructed to generate drawings during learning scored higher than students who only read on subsequent tests of transfer (d = 0.91),…
Descriptors: Freehand Drawing, Grade 9, Adolescents, Reading Comprehension

Oettingen, Gabriele. – International Journal of Behavioral Development, 1985
Examines teacher effects on activity choices of boys and girls in a German kindergarten. Teacher's differential attraction for boys and girls is also considered. Results indicate that teacher presence has a marked impact on activity choices and suggests that the teacher has a stronger attraction for girls than for boys. (Author/AS)
Descriptors: Art Activities, Behavior Patterns, Class Activities, Kindergarten