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Direct linkGrady, Marilyn L.; LaCost, Barbara Y. – Journal of Women in Educational Leadership, 2004
This article describes three women who hold prominent places in the history of the United States. They are: (1) Linda Brown, the symbol of "bringing down segregation" in U.S. schools; (2) Rosa Parks, the mother of the Civil Rights Movement; and (3) Coretta Scott King, an accomplished musician and singer. These women hold their places in…
Descriptors: Civil Rights, Females, United States History, Federal Legislation
Hamilton, Kendra; Cerstvik, Joan Preston – Black Issues in Higher Education, 2004
It's a little-known fact, but, 50 years ago, the junior high and high schools of Topeka, Kan., were integrated--though in name only. Fear was the order of the day at the high school, where an African American assistant superintendent by the name of Harrison Caldwell roamed the halls as the "White folks' enforcer," ensuring that African…
Descriptors: Racial Segregation, School Segregation, Desegregation Litigation, African American Students
Peer reviewedLandman, James H. – Social Education, 2004
On May 17, 2004, the United States will observe the fiftieth anniversary of the Supreme Court's landmark decision in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas. By invalidating the doctrine of "separate but equal" in the field of public education, a doctrine that had been approved by the same court nearly sixty years earlier in Plessy…
Descriptors: Constitutional Law, United States History, Desegregation Litigation, School Segregation
Peer reviewedVan Delinder, Jean – Great Plains Quarterly, 2001
Initially, Kansas prohibited school segregation except for elementary schools in cities over 15,000 people. As Topeka annexed areas in the early 20th century, African Americans accustomed to integration filed court challenges, which failed. Subsequent efforts to desegregate Topeka are traced, through the landmark 1954 case. Black teachers in…
Descriptors: Access to Education, Black Education, Black History, Civil Rights
