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Ankenman, Katy; Elgin, Jenna; Sullivan, Katherine; Vincent, Logan; Bernier, Raphael – American Journal on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities, 2014
Research suggests that discrepant cognitive abilities are more common in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and may indicate an important ASD endophenotype. The current study examined the frequency of IQ discrepancy profiles (nonverbal IQ greater than verbal IQ [NVIQ greater than VIQ], verbal IQ greater than nonverbal IQ [VIQ greater…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Cognitive Ability
Pimperton, Hannah; Nation, Kate – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 2014
Differing etiological explanations have been proposed to account for poor comprehenders' difficulties with reading comprehension, with some researchers emphasizing working memory deficits and others arguing for oral language weaknesses playing a key causal role. The authors contrasted these two theoretical accounts using data obtained from direct…
Descriptors: Children, Reading Comprehension, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory
Brenchley, Celia; Costello, Shane – Australian Journal of Learning Difficulties, 2018
Non-Verbal Learning Disabilities (NVLD) have a relatively rare incidence, estimated to be approximately 1.7% of all learning disabilities. Symptoms of the disorder are perceptual, social and emotional. These symptoms differ according to the developmental age, with 85% of cases being diagnosed in secondary school when education becomes more…
Descriptors: Intervention, Nonverbal Ability, Learning Disabilities, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
McGonigle-Chalmers, Margaret; McSweeney, Meabh – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
15 School-aged high functioning children on the autistic spectrum were compared with a neurotypical cohort on the WISC-III and the KABC-II, to determine the impact of the relatively more strict timing criteria of the former test on the evaluation of nonverbal intelligence. Significant group effects, showing lower performance by the ASD group were…
Descriptors: Autism, Nonverbal Ability, Intelligence Tests, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Purser, Harry R. M.; Farran, Emily K.; Courbois, Yannick; Lemahieu, Axelle; Sockeel, Pascal; Mellier, Daniel; Blades, Mark – Developmental Science, 2015
The ability to navigate new environments has a significant impact on the daily life and independence of people with learning difficulties. The aims of this study were to investigate the development of route learning in Down syndrome (N = 50), Williams syndrome (N = 19), and typically developing children between 5 and 11 years old (N = 108); to…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Down Syndrome, Mental Retardation, Comparative Analysis
Scattone, Dorothy; Raggio, Donald J.; May, Warren – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2012
The concurrent validity of the KBIT-2 Nonverbal IQ and Leiter-R Brief IQ was evaluated for two groups of children: those with high functioning autism and those with language impairments without autism. Fifty-three children between the ages of 4 and 13 years of age participated in the study. The correlation between the scales was large (r = 0.62)…
Descriptors: Validity, Children, Autism, Language Impairments
Zhou, Vanessa; Munson, Jeffrey A.; Greenson, Jessica; Hou, Yan; Rogers, Sally; Estes, Annette M. – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2019
Little is known about outcomes of early intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder reared in bilingual homes. There are concerns that social communication deficits among children with autism spectrum disorder may reduce the developmental benefits of early intervention for children with autism spectrum disorder raised in bilingual…
Descriptors: Bilingualism, Early Intervention, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Girbau, Dolors – First Language, 2016
Forty native Spanish-speaking children (age 8;0-10;3), 20 with Specific Language Impairment (SLI) and 20 with Typical Language Development (TLD), received a battery of psycholinguistic tests, IQ, hearing screenings, and the Spanish Non-word Repetition Task (NRT). The children's repetition of 20 non-words was scored. The percentage of correct…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Language Impairments, Spanish Speaking, Accuracy
Vukovic, Rose K.; Fuchs, Lynn S.; Geary, David C.; Jordan, Nancy C.; Gersten, Russell; Siegler, Robert S. – Child Development, 2014
Longitudinal associations of domain-general and numerical competencies with individual differences in children's understanding of fractions were investigated. Children (n = 163) were assessed at 6 years of age on domain-general (nonverbal reasoning, language, attentive behavior, executive control, visual-spatial memory) and numerical (number…
Descriptors: Children, Individual Differences, Mathematics, Arithmetic
Tomblin, J. Bruce, Ed.; Nippold, Marilyn A., Ed. – Psychology Press, Taylor & Francis Group, 2014
This volume presents the findings of a large-scale study of individual differences in spoken (and heard) language development during the school years. The goal of the study was to investigate the degree to which language abilities at school entry were stable over time and influential in the child's overall success in important aspects of…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Language Acquisition, Language Skills, Longitudinal Studies
Im-Bolter, Nancie; Johnson, Janice; Ling, Daphne; Pascual-Leone, Juan – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2015
The current study tested 2 models of inhibition in 45 children with language impairment and 45 children with normally developing language; children were aged 7 to 12 years. Of interest was whether a model of inhibition as a mental-control process (i.e., executive function) or as a mental resource would more accurately reflect the relations among…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Children, Language Impairments, Comparative Analysis
Cao, Thuy Hong; Jung, Jae Yup; Lee, Jihyun – Journal of Advanced Academics, 2017
Assessment is a crucial component of gifted education. Not only does it facilitate the recognition of the potential and specific needs of gifted students, it also monitors the progress and growth of gifted students, and allows for the evaluation of gifted education programs. In the present review, we synthesize the literature on assessment in…
Descriptors: Program Evaluation, Foreign Countries, Evaluation Methods, Talent
Muroya, Naoko; Inoue, Tomohiro; Hosokawa, Miyuki; Georgiou, George K.; Maekawa, Hisao; Parrila, Rauno – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2017
We examined the relationship between morphological awareness and word reading skills in syllabic Hiragana and morphographic Kanji. Participants were 127 Grade 1 Japanese-speaking children who were followed until Grade 2. The results showed that Grade 1 morphological awareness was uniquely and comparably associated with word reading skills in both…
Descriptors: Role, Morphology (Languages), Japanese, Elementary School Students
de Leeuw, Linda; Segers, Eliane; Verhoeven, Ludo – Scientific Studies of Reading, 2016
The focus of the present study was on the mediation and moderation effects of reading processes as evidenced from eye movements on the relation between cognitive and linguistic student characteristics (word decoding, vocabulary, comprehension skill, short-term memory, working memory, and nonverbal intelligence) and text comprehension. Forty 4th…
Descriptors: Reading Comprehension, Eye Movements, Regression (Statistics), Nonverbal Ability
Krishnan, Saloni; Alcock, Katherine J.; Mercure, Evelyne; Leech, Robert; Barker, Edward; Karmiloff-Smith, Annette; Dick, Frederic – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2013
Purpose: Pronouncing a novel word for the first time requires the transformation of a newly encoded speech signal into a series of coordinated, exquisitely timed oromotor movements. Individual differences in children's ability to repeat novel nonwords are associated with vocabulary development and later literacy. Nonword repetition (NWR) is…
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech), Pronunciation, Vocabulary Development, Motor Reactions