The hypothesis of less direct interaction between hemispheres in young children was supported by a behavioral test. Fabric samples were compared with either the same hand (same hemisphere) or with opposite hands (between spheres). (Author/HM)

We conducted descriptive observations of 5 individuals with developmental disabilities and severe problem behavior while they interacted with their caregivers in either simulated environments (an inpatient hospital facility) or in their homes. The focus of the study was on caregiver reprimands and child problem behavior. Thus, we compared the…

This study examined the influence of diagnostic criteria and diagnostic labels for psychopathy or conduct disorder on judicial decisions. A national sample of judges (N = 326) rendered hypothetical dispositions based on 1 of 12 mock psychological evaluations. The evaluations varied the presence of 2 sets of diagnostic criteria (antisocial…

Euro-American 2nd- and 4th-grade children (Ms=7.67 and 9.82 years) heard stories about Black and White characters who produced artwork yielding a windfall reward. Children allocated rewards to characters, justified their allocations, and judged the fairness of patterns representing different justice principles. Older children allocated more money…

Comparisons between observed behaviors of fathers in a structured interaction situation with their five-year-old daughters and their reported behaviors as obtained from an interview are studied. Several consistencies and some differences were found. Consistencies occurred more often in fathers' helping and demanding behaviors, as well as in their…

Discusses a study designed to explore children's television viewing patterns and their perceptions of the media, and offers an evaluation of television's impact on the young child's lifestyle. (MH)

The setting of behavioral goals represents the key in treatment of the reticent child. In speech therapy the concentration upon specific language phrasing provides a specific behavioral test for subjects. Clinicians report success with this method, but more precise measures of effectiveness are needed. (CH)

Abikoff, Gittelman-Klein, and Klein validated a behavioral observation system for use with hyperactive children. Authors selected a used coding system, trained observers to monitor classroom behavior of hyperactive children, and evaluated reliability, stability, and criterion-related validity of the system. Methodology was reviewed. Suggestions…

This study of 68 girls in a sports-with-prizes treatment indicated that children can be induced to behave generously, even after a lapse of time, in proportion to the amount of modeled generous behavior they see. Older children and children experiencing success were more generous. (SJL)

Addresses the ubiquitous practices of trait inference and labeling, inference of motives, and the conceptual division of prosocial and antisocial behavior into dichotomous entities. In the case of children who are "acting-out" at an excessively high frequency, these alternatives are more humane and useful in a pragmatic, scientific sense.…

A review of research on the relationship between behavior disorders and allergy and food additives. (CM)

When 180 children were given candy to share with others following one of three conditions for learning to share (demonstration, induction, and control groups), they showed increased sharing behaviors under the conditions of behavior example and induction, especially and significantly with induction. Sharing also increased as resources increased.…