Examined Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI), Hostility Toward Women Scale (HTWS), and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) Social Desirability and Defensiveness scales in 239 sexual offenders. Offenders against adolescents and adults had higher BDHI scores than offenders against children. MMPI Defensiveness scale accounted for…

Through an interagency, community-based approach, data were collected on 238 children with serious emotional disturbances in DuPage County, Illinois, including child's age, gender, race or ethnicity, learning characteristics, psychiatric status, and adjudications; parent marital status and employment; child's living arrangements; family history of…

Analysis of the functional and personal characteristics of 336 persons with mental retardation living in 181 small, specialized foster care homes and group homes found some differences in resident characteristics across facility type, including communication and toileting skills, age, and mobility. (Author/DB)

A questionnaire asking respondents to list adjectives describing 4 hypothetical stutterers (2 8 year olds and 2 adults) was completed by 103 elementary and secondary teachers. The majority of reported adjectives were negative stereotypical personality traits, indicating perceptions of stutterers similar to other groups including speech-language…

A longitudinal study involving 400 children, one third of whom were identified as hyperactive in 1974, investigated tobacco smoking and substance dependencies. The results found almost twice as many participants with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder smoked cigarettes daily as controls and twice as many were cocaine dependent. (CR)

Interviews with parents of 37 individuals (ages 12-30) with Prader-Willi syndrome revealed two-thirds displayed skin picking with a frequency ranging from chronic to transient, episodic symptoms. Many individuals with skin picking also exhibited comorbid picking behaviors And individuals with excessive skin picking also had frequent tantrums and…

A study examined the relationship between neuroimaging findings and the behavioral characteristics of 29 patients with tuberous sclerosis. Findings indicate a positive linear relationship between a patient's total number of tubers and degree of intellectual impairment. The number of tubers in the cerebellum was associated with more autistic…

A study involving 36 British children with autism, 21 children with severe learning difficulties, and 54 controls found correlations between false belief and subtractive reasoning tasks; however, results indicate ability in subtractive reasoning was a necessary but not sufficient component of successful performance in the false belief tasks.…

The treatment of seizure disorders and EEG epileptiform abnormalities without epilepsy in children with autism spectrum disorders in considered within the context of the relationship epilepsy and epileptiform disorders to language, behavior, and cognition. The use of anticonvulsants to treat epileptiform discharges thought to be producing…

A study compared 27 participants with Angelman syndrome to clinical and community participants (n=948) with developmental disabilities of mixed etiology to determine whether Angelman syndrome is associated with a distinctive patterns of behavioral functioning. Those with Angelman syndrome had significantly lower scores on measures of irritability…

Narratives of a wordless picture story by 33 individuals with Down syndrome (ages 12-26) and 99 typical children were analyzed. Individuals with Down syndrome expressed more plot line and thematic content and retold more of one of the protagonists' misadventures than the children matched for mean length of utterance. (Contains references.)…

Early childhood education and care (ECEC) services are expected to make an important contribution to the prevention of educational disadvantages stemming from social-ethnic factors. In the present study, three services are central: daycare centers, preschools, and special parent-child programs. Whether or not relations exist between the…

Children with Down syndrome are at an increased risk for engaging in challenging behaviour that may be part of a behavioural phenotype characteristic of Down syndrome. The methodology of applied behaviour analysis has been demonstrated effective with a wide range of challenging behaviours, across various disabilities. Applications to children with…

This document presents a conceptual framework within which to view variability in parental alcoholism and children's exposure to alcoholism. The framework considers both individual characteristics of the children and ecological factors. A review of relevant literature on stress, coping, and adaptation among children and adolescents examines the…

Two groups of college students' accounts of recalled parent's child rearing patterns were examined and compared in this study by means of two objective personality measures. (Author/DEP)