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O'Reilly, Karin; Peterson, Candida C.; Wellman, Henry M. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Two studies addressed key theoretical debates in theory of mind (ToM) development by comparing (a) deaf native signers (n = 18), (b) deaf late signers (n = 59), and (c) age-matched hearing persons (n = 74) in childhood (Study 1: n = 81) and adulthood (Study 2: n = 70) on tests of first- and second-order false belief and conversational sarcasm.…
Descriptors: Deafness, Negative Attitudes, Theory of Mind, Sign Language
Perryman, Twyla Y.; Carter, Alice S.; Messinger, Daniel S.; Stone, Wendy L.; Ivanescu, Andrada E.; Yoder, Paul J. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2013
Facilitative linguistic input directly connected to children's interest and focus of attention has become a recommended component of interventions for young children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This longitudinal correlational study used two assessment time points and examined the association between parental undemanding…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Longitudinal Studies, Correlation
Peterson, Candida C.; Wellman, Henry M.; Slaughter, Virginia – Child Development, 2012
Children aged 3-2 years (n = 184) with typical development, deafness, autism, or Asperger syndrome took a series of theory-of-mind (ToM) tasks to confirm and extend previous developmental scaling evidence. A new sarcasm task, in the format of H. M. Wellman and D. Liu's (2004) 5-step ToM Scale, added a statistically reliable 6th step to the scale…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Negative Attitudes, Autism, Asperger Syndrome
Kenworthy, Lauren; Wallace, Gregory L.; Powell, Kelly; Anselmo, Cheryl; Martin, Alex; Black, David O. – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2012
Language ability is a known predictor of outcome in children with autism but plays a more controversial role for higher functioning children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). We studied the relationship between early language milestones and later structural language, adaptive functioning and autism symptoms in a sample of 76 children (mean age…
Descriptors: Autism, Language Aptitude, Communication Skills, Nonverbal Ability
Halliday, Lorna F.; Taylor, Jenny L.; Millward, Kerri E.; Moore, David R. – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2012
Purpose: To understand the components of auditory learning in typically developing children by assessing generalization across stimuli, across modalities (i.e., hearing, vision), and to higher level language tasks. Method: Eighty-six 8- to 10-year-old typically developing children were quasi-randomly assigned to 4 groups. Three of the groups…
Descriptors: Auditory Stimuli, Speech Communication, Training, Generalization
Gibson, Jenny; Adams, Catherine; Lockton, Elaine; Green, Jonathan – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Developmental disorders of language and communication present considerable diagnostic challenges due to overlapping of symptomatology and uncertain aetiology. We aimed to further elucidate the behavioural and linguistic profile associated with impairments of social communication occurring outside of an autism diagnosis. Methods: Six to…
Descriptors: Interpersonal Competence, Communication Disorders, Language Impairments, Clinical Diagnosis
Ketelaars, Mieke Pauline; Jansonius, Kino; Cuperus, Juliane; Verhoeven, Ludo – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2012
This study investigated narrative competence in children with pragmatic language impairment (PLI) and the extent to which it is related to impairments in theory of mind and executive functioning (EF). Narrative competence was assessed using a retelling design in a group of 77 children with PLI and a control group of 77 typically developing…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Control Groups, Language Impairments, Language Aptitude
Harper-Hill, Keely; Copland, David; Arnott, Wendy – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2013
The primary aim of this paper was to investigate heterogeneity in language abilities of children with a confirmed diagnosis of an ASD (N = 20) and children with typical development (TD; N = 15). Group comparisons revealed no differences between ASD and TD participants on standard clinical assessments of language ability, reading ability or…
Descriptors: Identification, Language Aptitude, Autism, Language Impairments
Freed, Jenny; Lockton, Elaine; Adams, Catherine – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2012
Background: Children with specific language impairment (CwSLI) are consistently reported to have short-term memory (STM) and working memory (WM) difficulties. Aim: To compare STM and WM abilities in CwSLI with children with pragmatic language impairment (CwPLI). Methods & Procedures: Primary school-aged CwSLI (n = 12) and CwPLI (n = 23) were…
Descriptors: Language Aptitude, Children, Language Impairments, Receptive Language
Granena, Gisela – ProQuest LLC, 2012
Very high-level, functional ability in foreign languages is increasingly important in many walks of life. It is also very rare, and likely requires an early start and/or a special aptitude. This study investigated the extent to which aptitude for explicit learning, defined as "analytic ability" and aptitude for implicit learning, defined…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Second Language Learning, Chinese, Spanish
Speirs, Samantha; Yelland, Greg; Rinehart, Nicole; Tonge, Bruce – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2011
The presence or absence of clinically delayed language development prior to 3 years of age is a key, but contentious, clinical feature distinguishing autism from Asperger's disorder. The aim of this study was to examine language processing in children with high-functioning autism (HFA) and Asperger's disorder (AD) using a task which taps lexical…
Descriptors: Priming, Autism, Asperger Syndrome, Language Processing
Hao, Jian; Su, Yanjie; Chan, Raymond C. K. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
Previous studies show that deaf children have deficits in false belief understanding due to their language impairment. However, it is not clear whether deaf adults still have problems in advanced theory of mind (ToM). The present study examined deaf adults' performance on three aspects of advanced ToM. All of the deaf groups lacking mental state…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Deafness, Vocabulary Skills, Language Aptitude
Mainela-Arnold, Elina; Misra, Maya; Miller, Carol; Poll, Gerard H.; Park, Ji Sook – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2012
Background: Children with poor language abilities tend to perform poorly on verbal working memory tasks. This result has been interpreted as evidence that limitations in working memory capacity may interfere with the development of a mature linguistic system. However, it is possible that language abilities, such as the efficiency of sentence…
Descriptors: Language Processing, Language Aptitude, Intervention, Recall (Psychology)
McGregor, Karla K.; Bean, Allison – Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 2012
Purpose: How do children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) extend a noun to the category of objects it labels? Given their tendency to perceive locally, their extensions might be too narrow. Given their social-communicative deficits and a context in which the knowledge of a social-communicative partner promotes narrow extensions, their…
Descriptors: Cues, Semantics, Nouns, Autism
Adams, Catherine; Lockton, Elaine; Freed, Jenny; Gaile, Jacqueline; Earl, Gillian; McBean, Kirsty; Nash, Marysia; Green, Jonathan; Vail, Andy; Law, James – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2012
Background: Children who show disproportionate difficulty with the pragmatic as compared with the structural aspects of language are described as having pragmatic language impairment (PLI) or social communication disorder (SCD). Some children who have PLI also show mild social impairments associated with high-functioning autism or autism spectrum…
Descriptors: Language Aptitude, Outcome Measures, Intervention, Speech Therapy