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Direct linkWang, Yi; Zhang, Liwei; Zhai, Fuhua – Infant and Child Development, 2023
Spanking and parental verbal aggression are potentially toxic stressors that can negatively affect children's academic achievement by disrupting mental skills like executive function. Yet little empirical evidence has been provided for this mediating pathway. This study used data from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study Kindergarten Cohort of…
Descriptors: Punishment, Negative Reinforcement, Verbal Communication, Aggression
