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Phonological Skill and Articulation Time Independently Contribute to the Development of Memory Span.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kail, Robert – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1997
Examined performance of over one hundred 6- to 10-year olds on three of each of the following tasks: processing speed, memory span, phonological skill, and articulation tasks assessing speed with which they could say familiar stimuli. Found that performance on span tasks was predicted by phonology and articulation tasks but not by age or…
Descriptors: Articulation (Speech), Children, Cognitive Processes, Memory
Processing Time Decreases Globally at an Exponential Rate during Childhood and Adolescence.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kail, Robert – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1993
Tested adults and children (age 6 to 16 years) on 4 speeded tasks that included 19 experimental conditions. The 6- to 16-year olds' response times decreased with age as a function of adults' response times. (MM)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Age Differences, Children
The Impact of Extended Practice on Rate of Mental Rotation.
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Kail, Robert – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1986
Assesses performance of 9-, 13-, and 20-year-olds on 3,840 trials of a mental rotation task in which subjects judged if pairs of stimuli presented in different orientations were identical or mirror images. Results are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms underlying the impact of practice. (Author/NH)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Age Differences, Children
Controlled and Automatic Processing during Mental Rotation.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kail, Robert – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 1991
Children and adults were tested on a mental rotation task in which letters were presented in different orientations. The task was performed by itself or with a memory task. Results indicated that the relation of response time to stimulus orientation in the rotation task was the same in both conditions. (BC)
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Processes
Developmental Change in Proactive Interference.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kail, Robert – Child Development, 2002
Two studies examined age-related change in proactive interference from previously learned material. The meta-analysis of 26 studies indicated that proactive interference decreased with age. The cross-sectional study found that third through sixth graders' and college students' recall was accurate on Trial 1, but became less so over Trials 2…
Descriptors: Adults, Age Differences, Children, Cognitive Processes
Processing Time Declines Exponentially during Childhood and Adolescence.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kail, Robert – Developmental Psychology, 1991
Children and adults were tested on six speeded perceptual-motor and cognitive tasks, including a (1) response time task; (2) button tapping task; (3) pegboard task; (4) coding task; (5) picture matching task; and (6) mental addition task. Age-related change in processing time on most of these tasks was described by a single exponential function.…
Descriptors: Addition, Adolescents, Adults, Age Differences
Global Developmental Change in Processing Time.
Peer reviewed Peer reviewed
Kail, Robert; Park, Young-shin – Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 1992
Three experiments focused on the function relating children's response time to adults' response time in corresponding conditions. In all experiments, children's response times increased in a linear manner as a function of adults' response times. (BB)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Adults, Age Differences, Children