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Direct linkVolbrecht, Michele M.; Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn; Aksan, Nazan; Zahn-Waxler, Carolyn; Goldsmith, H. Hill – Journal of Genetic Psychology, 2007
Within a sample of 584 twins aged 12 to 25 months (292 pairs) studied longitudinally, positive affect measured through two laboratory pleasure episodes and maternal report at 12 and 22 months significantly predicted empathy-related helping and hypothesis testing assessed between 19 and 25 months. Girls showed significantly more concern than did…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Parent Child Relationship, Genetics, Hypothesis Testing
Peer reviewedKochanska, Grazyna; Aksan, Nazan – Child Development, 1995
Motivationally distinct forms of child compliance, mutually positive affect, and maternal control were observed as correlates of internalization in 103 mother-toddler dyads. Found that children who shared positive affect with their mothers showed a high level of committed compliance and were also more internalized. Maternal "Do's" appeared more…
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Child Behavior, Compliance (Psychology), Congruence (Psychology)
Kochanska, Grazyna; Forman, David R.; Aksan, Nazan; Dunbar, Stephen B. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2005
Background: Associations between early mother-child mutually responsive orientation (MRO) and children's conscience have been previously established, but the mechanisms accounting for those links are not understood. We examined three such mediational mechanisms: (a) the child's enhanced enjoyment of interactions with the mother, (b) increased…
Descriptors: Mothers, Parent Child Relationship, Anxiety, Moral Development
