Significant cheating occurred in the group who had initially been successful, but then failed; suggesting that failure following initial success may be more repugnant than failure following initial failure. (Author/DEP)

When correlations between actual university classroom cheating behavior (multiple-choice answer copying) and pretest estimates of success, confidence, and test importance were studied answer copying correlated positively with estimates of success. Confidence in these estimates of success also correlated positively with answer copying, while…

Relationships between cheating and distracting study conditions are studied in light of the premise that if an individual is frustrated in his attempts to learn he will be more likely to cheat. (MM)

Two experiments investigated the amount and loci of multiple-choice examination answer copying as related to the spacing of students and the use of alternate test forms. (RC)

Undergraduates could earn a $10 bonus by performing above average on a free-recall task. Following a pretest, success messages were manipulated. During a subsequent test, subjects could cheat. Cheating was related to anticipated success in a curvilinear fashion with medium success yielding the most cheating. Cheating and expectations are…

Two experiments with college psychology classes examined answer copying during multiple-choice examinations under conditions of free and assigned seating. More answer copying occurred in the free seating situation, not accountable for in terms of the idea that answer copiers prefer to sit in the rear of the room. (Author/LMO)

Using an index of answer copying developed by Houston, it was found that rearranged questions alone did not reduce answer copying, whereas rearrangement of both questions and answers effectively eliminated detectable cheating. (Author)

Multiple-choice examination answer copying was indexed by a comparison of the numbers of items answered incorrectly, and in the same way, as adjacent and distant classmates. Significant copying occurred in an experiment where test performance contributed to course grade, but it did not occur when the test did not affect the grade. (Editor/LBH)

Examined whether moral behavior and moral thought can be affected by discussion of Kohlberg-type moral dilemmas. Students (N=96) engaged in one of three discussion situations and a free-recall task. Results supported Kohlberg's suggestions that moral behavior as well as thought can sometimes be taught. (JAC)

Subjects learned lists of words under conditions of high, medium, or low expectations concerning test-phase cheating and were then tested for recall with cheating precluded. Test performance of subjects expecting to be able to cheat was unexpectedly better, rather than worse, than subjects with low expectations, even when cheating was precluded.…