Affirmative action is a necessary and effective strategy to end racial and gender inequalities. While moral and historical defenses of affirmative action have merit, economic reasoning is a more potent argument. Analysis of the economic costs and benefits of affirmative action in higher education illustrate its effectiveness in reducing income…

This paper is a product of the "Changing Domestic Priorities" project which has examined the shifts taking place in the nation's economic and social policies under the Reagan Administration and is now focusing on the major economic and social problems facing the nation over the coming decade. The following topics are discussed in this paper: (1)…

The status of black employees was examined in traditionally white institutions of higher education in eight states affected by the Adams v. Califano desegregation case; patterns of change in that status over a two-year period, 1975-77, were also explored. The object of the study was to use the Equal Employment Opportunity information system to…

A newsletter on issues pertaining to women's rights on campuses and in employment is presented. Developments and issues include the following: initiation of intercollegiate athletic championships for women in nine sports; a charge of unequal pay for women coaches; university cases of alleged sex discrimination in athletic programs; reference to…

The major explanations for the narrowing in wage differentials between blacks and whites can be placed under four general categories: (1) more recent black cohorts begin their job experiences with larger initial stocks of human capital than previous cohorts; (2) the rural South to urban North migration has partly been superceded by Southern blacks…

The status of efforts to achieve equality for women faculty members in higher education is considered. The method used by Jessie Bernard in "Academic Women" is replicated: presenting a wide variety of studies pertaining directly or indirectly to faculty women and then suggesting larger trends indicated by the findings. In addition, interviews were…

This document is a transcript of Congressional hearings on equal employment opportunity and affirmative action held in the summer and fall of 1981. Some of those who testified at the hearing included a professor of economics, a representative of the Rockefeller Foundation, directors of women's groups, directors of the National Association for the…

This report presents the findings on the long-term economic progress of American blacks. The report consists of seven sections. The first is a general introduction. Section 2 describes major changes in the racial wage gap for males from 1940 to 1980 and identifies the distribution of wage gains among important subgroups in the black population.…

A research methodology developed at the University of Tennessee for determining differences in rates of promotion, tenure, and termination that are linked to employee sex or race is discussed. Data were compiled for each full-time faculty member covering rank, degree, salary, sex, college, department, time at the university, and number of years in…

This report focuses on economic, social, and legal development affecting women's employment in the United States during the first half of the United Nations Decade for Women. The first section reports on the economic roles of women in the U.S. as their participation in the labor force reached historically high levels during the last half of the…

Ethnic/race relations among trustees, administrators, faculty, and professional nonfaculty who were affiliated with colleges and universities located in the Southeastern United States during the late 1970s were examined. The macroscopic theory of the split labor market (Bonacich, 1979) was modified and tested within an institutional framework.…

A study analyzed past and present United States initiatives for promoting equal employment opportunity and wage equality for women. It was determined that, during the past 20 years, the United States Government has established the legal procedures to combat inequities in educational opportunities and employment-related practices. While these…