The drivers of learning for mid-career workers with few initial qualifications from the Czech Republic, Denmark, England, France, Germany, Italy and Poland are examined. The focus in this article is upon the learning pathways and experience of the low-qualified drawn from empirical research which gathered and analysed the strategic career and…

This article considers four interviews conducted with French citizens by a team of researchers as part of the research project "Learning for Career and Labour Market Transitions: individual biographies". Funded by the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop), this study sought to contribute to the development…

In socio- and applied linguistic research, age tends to be accounted for as fixed, biographical information, and individuals in later life have rarely been considered more than marginally. In this paper, I attempt to address this oversight by presenting data from multilingual subjects over the age of 65 as they take part in a language and literacy…

This article focuses on the methodological approaches used in the European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training (Cedefop) research project "Learning for Career and Labour Market Transitions--individual biographies". In particular, it illuminates how biographical approaches were employed to help the in-depth understanding of…

This report analyses how learning supports labour market transitions and career changes of adult workers across five countries (Denmark, Germany, Spain, France and Italy). To make the most of career and labour market opportunities, individuals have to rely on their own resources and their agency but also know how to navigate the institutional…

This article is concerned with the conditions and stakes of building competence in multiple languages in learners who, due to their language biographies or the educational system, are studying in prestigious institutional school environments, such as the French-German schools of Buc (Versailles), Freiburg (Breisgau) and Saarbrucken (Saarland). In…

This paper focuses on teachers of secondary level religious education in England, Estonia, France, Germany, the Netherlands and Norway. It presents a study of the teachers' perceptions of and responses to the diversity within their classes, in relation to their professional role and their personal and professional biographies. The study employed…

This paper is the result of a participative process in which the students of the Master's Degree "Didactique des Langues" (foreign language didactics) at Universite du Maine (Le Mans, France) explored through whole-class activities the field of intercultural dialog and intercultural competence teaching. Our approach to intercultural…

The field of intelligence testing has been revolutionized by Alan S. Kaufman. He developed the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised (WISC-R) with David Wechsler, and his best-selling book, Intelligent Testing with the WISC-R, introduced the phrase "intelligent testing." Kaufman, with his wife, Nadeen, then created his own…

When the centrist government of Prime Minister Jacques Chirac chose 69-year-old Robert Hersant to buy the newspaper "France-Soir" (famous for its ties to the resistance to the Nazis) in 1976, journalists at many newspapers on the left fought the political move by reminding both the public and the government of Hersant's collaboration…

A fictional biography unfolds the story of Evariste Galois, a staunch French Republican and brilliant mathematician of the nineteenth century. A biographical sketch of the author, Leopold Infeld, is also included. (MN)

Romain Gary was born in Lithuania, moved to France at age 14, and spent much of his adult life in Britain and America. He represents an unusually extreme case of multiple identity in a transnational context. Despite this, Gary's literary oeuvre is not much concerned with the problem of identity. It exhibits instead a tension between protest at the…

This review of "Victor Cousin as a Comparative Educator" by Walter Vance Brewer disputes the author's classification of Cousin but suggests it to be the result of an over zealous attempt to find a firm foundation for the science of comparative education. (JH)

Celestin Freinet had a major influence on education in France. In 1917 he was critically injured during World War I and convalesced for two years. During World War II he was incarcerated by the Vichy government for his Communist tendencies, and, in the 1950s the French Communist Party harassed him for straying from their hard-line ideologies.…

A profile of France is sketched in this paper. Emphasis is placed on the nature, scope, and accomplishments of population activities in the country. Topics and sub-topics include: (1) location and description of the country; (2) population--size, growth patterns, age structure, urban/rural distribution, ethnic and religious composition, education,…