Bilingual education involves the use of two languages as mediums of instruction. The particular goals of a bilingual education program often determine the type of program established. The two polar types of program models are: (1) that in which the native language is used only as an oral medium until the national language can be learned, and (2)…

A review of the history of French immersion programs since their inception 15 years ago. The following topics are also addressed: a review of the findings of immersion research, new directions with regard to other forms of language teaching, quality of second language development, future research and teacher training. (AMH)

Some 129,000 bilingual teachers are needed to instruct students of limited English-speaking ability in elementary and secondary grades. Discusses the impact of the Bilingual Education Act in developing bilingual teacher training and describes some notable bilingual training programs for student teachers at a number of universities. (Author/RK)

Examines the preparation of one foreign language teacher and compares this preparation with some of the basic principles of bilingual education. It is argued that foreign language teachers would be better teachers if they had the same background and preparation as bilingual teachers. (CFM)

The author discusses bi-lingual elementary education, with examples from various ongoing programs, giving background philosophy, experiences in setting up a program, discussion of the significance of the Lau v. Nichols decision, and some thoughts on future direction. (MB)

Describes the Experiment in Reading for Mexican American Students (ERMAS) a Title III, ESEA program in Spanish that is taught in a manner consistent with the program to be used for reading in English. While learning to read in Spanish, the child simultaneously learns to speak English through an aural-oral approach. (JF)

Describes how Dade County, Florida, adjusted to the large influx of Cubans. (JF)

Although advocates of critical education such as Darder (1991), hooks (1994), and Macedo (1994) have critically assessed ethnic and language minority education, few studies have empirically examined bilingual education practices from a critical perspective. In this project, we investigated the pedagogical practices of educators, with classroom…

Given the unique character of bilingual students and the programmes that support them, primary bilingual teaching is a challenging job in any country. However, bilingual teachers in developing contexts are especially challenged; they are often undertrained and underpaid, and must function in under-resourced schools with undernourished students.…

Spanish/English bilingual kindergarten teachers and parents serving as instructional aides in the same bilingual education classrooms served as subjects in a study on classroom interaction. Audio/video recordings of small-group instruction sessions of teachers and parents were subjected to discourse analysis. A point of interest was the…

A summary is presented of interviews with a random sample of K-4 teachers from six schools in the Title VII Bilingual Project in the Austin Independent School District. Intended to provide data for assessment of ongoing activities as well as stated objectives, the interviews were designed to investigate activities such as duties assigned to…

Two reports concerning the education of limited-English-proficient students are presented. The Task D160 report presents information on current and planned state certification requirements for bilingual education and English-as-a-Second-Language (ESL) teachers, and the ways in which these requirements address or do not address the challenge of…

The paper examines some critical issues regarding the Spanish language proficiency of bilingual education teachers, primarily those from the Spanish-language-origin community. Recent longitudinal studies have demonstrated a positive relationship between sustained native language instruction and student achievement. Because this finding is…

Focuses on the training and language fluency of teachers in bilingual/bicultural programs. (EA)

Some of the author's findings as a bilingual educator are summarized in this paper. One of the principal problems encountered in bilingual education is the inadequacy of classroom materials and texts. It was found, however, that though most teachers express dissatisfaction regarding materials, few of them see the potential impact of contacting…