Examines the relation between social desirability judgements (social de sirability scale values) of males and females in the area of sexual behavior. The findings raise some questions about the use of obvious-direct items with pathological import in sex behavior questionnaires. (Author/PC)

Summarizes outcome results of treatment programs for boys exhibiting problems commonly subsumed under the label "conduct disorder." Treatment consisted of training agents in each setting to alter the deviant behaviors of the problem child. Direct observations were made in children's homes and classrooms before, during, and after intervention.…

The behavior of young and adolescent male children from homes without fathers was compared to comparable groups of children from intact homes. Teachers reported no difference in academic and extracurricular participation and performance. It was concluded that, in general, the behavior of children with and without fathers is not appreciably…

Satisfaction in family living was studied in a New Zealand sample of 191 men and 285 women in the eight stages of the family life cycle. Results were compared with Rollins and Feldman's American sample. (Author)

The duration of utterance, latency, and interruption speech behavior of 30 young job applicants was studied under three speaking conditions. In the third condition, the employment interview, a number of positive correlations emerged. Verbal IQ is positively correlated with a speaker's mean duration of utterance, especially when he is discussing…

The reactions of observers (N=168 college students) to an actor's embarrassment were examined by manipulating the perceived link between actor and observer (cooperative, competitive, or independent) and the observational set of the observer (empathic or nonempathic). The observers' self-ratings of embarrassment and measures of their skin potential…

Halloween costumes may be used to examine the influence violent models have on children. On Halloween evening observers recorded the frequency of violent and nonviolent costumes worn by children. When all of the data are inspected they suggest that children confronted with several aggressive models may be more likely to identify with the…

In a federal correctional institution, cognitive and behavioral variables related to the inmates' loss of freedom and their attempts at reestablishing freedom within the boundaries of the institution were collected. Variables were: (1) personal variables (age, sex, education, etc.); (2) perceptions about life and freedoms in the institution; (3)…

Theoretical interpretations of cooperation and competition are discussed in relation to motivational and situational determinants. It is suggested that the degree of competition exhibited in an interaction is an inverse function of the quantity of resources available, and that the effect of situational characteristics on cooperative behavior is…

Empathy and stereotype accuracy of rehabilitation counselors attempting to preduct client responses on a problem inventory were studied. Results showed that all subject groups, pre-counselor through experienced counselor, with and without master's degrees, were able to make empathic and stereotype predictions at a level significantly better than…

Forth-two subjects were randomly assigned to two empathy training treatments. One treatment, approximating Carkhuff's training method, employed didactic teaching, discrimination training, modeling, experientially-oriented communications practice, and feedback. The second treatment, a cognitive self-instructional modeling approach, included each of…

This speech addressed itself to the variety of achievement motivations that can be critically different for men and women. The author, impressed by the different ways people cognitively define and experience a successful accomplishment, developed a taxonomy of psychological cues which people might use in defining their success. Six varieties of…

The objective of two studies was to devise an assessment procedure for the evaluation of therapy with distressed marriages. An extension of behavior exchange theory was proposed to include phenomenological ratings by the couple of the intent of messages sent and the impact of messages received. Convergent criteria were used to select 14…

Freudian theory and subsequent research indicates a connection between sexual and aggressive motivation. The present study investigated preferences among nonsexual, sexual, and aggressive humor as a function of induced aggressive mood. One-hundred and twenty male and 120 female university students participated in one of four 2x2 factorial designs…

Previous equity research indicates that females more often than males prefer to divide rewards equally when their own work inputs are greater than that of their partner. In the present study, males and females divided rewards either between themselves and another person, or between two hypothetical members of a work dyad. Results showed that when…