Background: Few studies have investigated functional and behavioural variables of Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) in a large sample of individuals. The aim of this study is to provide greater insight into the clinical, behavioural and cognitive characteristics that are associated with CdLS. Methods: In total, 56 individuals with CdLS…

Behavioral scientists have been slow in the development of effective procedures and in empirical validation of psychological testing instruments for selecting law enforcement personnel. This study involved 253 supervisory sergeants and field lieutenants and 2,327 uniformed patrolmen of the Chicago Police Department (CPD). Three major performance…

How can a person be induced to do something he might not ordinarily do? What constitutes a commitment on his part of some future action? Past research indicates that compliance with a small, relatively innocuous "foot-in-the-door" request serves to increase, relative to a control group, subsequent compliance with a larger request directed toward…

Analyses of self-disclosure behavior under multiple conditions of social isolation and confinement replicated earlier findings and generally confirmed hypotheses derived from social penetration theory. Major findings link self-disclosure to environmental parameters and interpersonal friction. In the Privacy without Stimulation condition, Ss…

Three groups of subjects (Type A, intermediate, and Type B) were presented an identical problem-solving task labeled as work-related or as leisure-oriented and then given free choice of other activities. The subjects' task preference in the free-choice time was examined as a function of Type A personality and task labels. (MT)

Interpersonal physical space was measured in two groups of male high school students, 30 deviants and 30 normals. Analysis of variance showed that (a) deviants demanded a greater proxemic area, (b) there was a significant increase in proxemic distance from front to rear with no difference between the groups, and (c) both groups demonstrated the…

It has been a well-accepted axiom that the behavior of an individual is related closely to his perception. This research with children demonstrates the value of objective assessment of an individual's perception of social interactions in order to be able to predict more precisely some aspects of his interpersonal behavior. (Author)

Data shows that the nursery school child will resort to rhythmic behavior more often in a situation with significant environmental constraints''; such behavior has an analgesic or a general soothing influence.'' (Author/SP)

Despite the precautions in subject selection many of the usual sex differences appeared, including boys' higher level of aggression toward peers. (MH)

Compares hospitalized tuberculosis patients with informative and uninformative physicians as to their use of library books. Finds that the two groups did not differ in general reading, but that those with uninformative physicians tended to seek out books about tuberculosis and its treatment more often. (MB)

Discusses behaviors which culminate in suicide attempts and relates these to the biological concept of conservation-withdrawal. Clinical advantages to this conceptualization are presented. (Author/JMF)

Compares M. E. P. Seligman's recent work on learned helplessness with N. R. F. Maier's 30-year-old work on frustration behavior. Notes striking similarities between the two approaches. Concludes that the learned helplessness model might explain the "abnormal fixations" that Maier reported. (Author/RL)

Recounts a study designed to determine the age at which sex differences first begin to appear and relates various aspects of children's behavior to the level of humor responsiveness. (MH)