Study supported in part by the California Foundation for Medical Research. Papers relating to this study are AA 501 856 and AA 501 857.

Literature reviews dealing with psychotherapy and counseling too often conclude that no conclusions can be drawn. However, a critique of the literature on covert sensitization (CS) may offer clarifications of these apparently contradictory remarks. Research studies (N=84) were categorized by problem types, method used in the investigation, method…

Behavior modification and behavior therapy techniques with institutionalized and community elderly are powerful approaches which effect changes in behavior quickly and dramatically, and are particularly useful because they involve total staff or family members in their implementation. Unlike psychotropic medications, behavioral approaches do not…

This study explores counseling preferences of college students and their relationship to students' sex, major, and year in school. A questionnaire (Direction-Unconscious Motivation Scale) designed to assess attitudes toward psychoanalytic, behavioral therapy and client-centered counseling approaches was given to 683 volunteers who were students at…

The author speaks to Albert Ellis' article and considers the article too naive and simplistic. He particularly questions Ellis' final conclusion that RET is based on a strong empirical foundation. (HMV)

Treated 91 elders with a major depressive disorder (MDD) using behavioral, cognitive, or brief psychodynamic psychotherapy. By the end of six weeks patients in all three treatment conditions showed improvement equally, whereas controls did not. Overall, 52 percent of the treatment sample attained remission by termination. The remainder still met…

Examines psychosocial and behavioral variables affecting the wealth of Black women. The role of education is an important theme in many intervention strategies: to modify dietary habits and to encourage the use of medical services. Education is needed also to sensitize health care professionals to the special concerns of Black women. (ETS)

Compared the effects of cognitive-behavioral treatment, behavioral treatment or an attention-control condition on 27 non-self-controlled children. The cognitive-behavioral intervention improved teachers' ratings of self-control and children's self-reported self-concept. Off-task verbal and physical behaviors suggested treatment efficacy.…

Determined extent of agreement among a panel of nine rational-emotive therapy (RET) experts about essence of RET. Responses were categorized as either general cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) or RET-specific. A case can be made for subsuming many aspects of CBT under RET because of associated origins of CBT and RET. (FC)

Argues that Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) and Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT) share important rational objectives and numerous cognitive-behavioral methods. Both emphasize a philosophical shift as a principal ingredient for change. Provides definitions of rationality and spirituality and explains how REBT and smart recovery are spiritual…

Examined 91 older adults initially diagnosed as in episode of major depressive disorder who were treated with brief cognitive, behavioral, or psychodynamic psychotherapy. Using research diagnostic criteria, 52 percent, 58 percent, and 70 percent of sample did not meet criteria for depressive disorder at posttherapy, 12- and 24-month…

Performed a meta-analysis on 18 studies in which a cognitive-behavioral therapy was compared with the same therapy supplemented by hypnosis. Results indicated that hypnosis substantially enhanced treatment outcome, even though there were few procedural differences between the hypnotic and nonhypnotic treatments. Effects seemed particularly…

Randomly assigned depressed family caregivers (n=66) of frail elderly relatives to 20 sessions of cognitive-behavioral (CB) or brief psychodynamic (PD) individual psychotherapy. At posttreatment, 71% of caregivers were no longer clinically depressed, with no differences found between two treatments. Found interaction between treatment modality and…

Reviews the gambling literature and the phases of the pathological gambler's career. Examines counseling approaches that have been used in the treatment of gambling, including psychotherapy, conjoint marital therapy, minimal interventions, behavioral counseling, and practical approaches to the treatment of adolescent problem gamblers. (Author/GCP)

The therapeutic alliance is an established predictor of psychotherapy outcome. However, alliance research in the treatment of eating disorders has been scant, with even less attention paid to correlates of alliance development. The goal of this study was to examine the relation between specific patient characteristics and the development of the…