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Peer reviewedGerler, Edwin R. – Personnel and Guidance Journal, 1979
The multimodal model uses the acronym BASIC ID to identify areas of client functioning that frequently need to be treated. The D mode includes drugs, diet, and other physiological factors. This article describes the evolution of the D mode and shows the importance of a physiological dimension to multimodal counseling. (Author)
Descriptors: Behavior Modification, Counseling Theories, Counselors, Dietetics
Peer reviewedLe, Christine; And Others – Journal of Counseling & Development, 1995
Describes contributions of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) to drug and alcohol treatment. Discusses potential for AA's steps to encourage growth, and examines their consistency with counseling philosophy. Proposes and contrasts 12 new steps based on counseling theory to stimulate constructive discussion. Advocates more solid boundaries between AA and…
Descriptors: Alcohol Abuse, Alcoholism, Behavior Modification, Counseling Effectiveness
