The author reviews theory and research by Ehri and her colleagues to document how a scientific approach has been applied over the years to conduct controlled studies whose findings reveal how beginners learn to read words in and out of text. Words may be read by decoding letters into blended sounds or by predicting words from context, but the way…

The statutory "phonics screening check" was introduced in 2012 and reflects the current emphasis in England on teaching early reading through systematic synthetic phonics. The check is intended to assess children's phonic abilities and their knowledge of 85 grapheme-phoneme correspondences (GPCs) through decoding 20 real words and 20…

This manual presents the Spanish decoding skills. Used prior to basic Spanish language primers, it teaches the basic skills necessary for reading Spanish. It is composed of basic listening and sounding activities and work pages used to develop audio-readiness essential to mastery of basic decoding patterns. The sounds of the letters and of letter…

This teacher's manual presents the Spanish decoding skills. Used prior to basic Spanish language primers, it teaches the basic skills necessary for reading Spanish. The manual is organized into four sections. Section 1 contains day-by-day instructional plans; section 2 contains general information concerning the mechanics of the Spanish language…

Reports on a study that investigated the ability of second grade students to listen to, infer, and produce the correct pronuciations of high-frequency words in a story-like context. (FL)

As part of the development of the phonics-based reading component of the SWRL Model 2 Communication Skills Program for kindergarten through third grade, this set of 166 spelling-to-sound correspondence rules for one- and two-syllable words was created. Designed to accompany a lexicon for beginning reading instruction, this booklet includes an…

A SEQUENTIAL, INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGY WAS PRESENTED FOR DECODING LETTERS INTO SOUND. THE STRATEGY WAS INTENDED TO COMPLEMENT INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAMS IN BEGINNING READING. LETTER-SOUND CORRESPONDENCES AND CONCEPTS WERE PROVIDED FOR ALL LETTERS OF THE ALPHABET AS THEY MIGHT OCCUR IN VARYING POSITIONS TO FORM ENGLISH WORDS. OF THE VOWELS, ONLY TWO…

A well-organized set of phonics rules will enable the reader to identify many words which are in his vocabulary, but which he has not encountered before in print. The rules must be sequenced in a manner that capitalizes on their applicability to the vocabulary of the typical reader. This can be achieved only when the rule set is defined on a…

The rationale, development, and implementation of a reading program designed to teach disadvantaged children the skills prerequisite to learning to read are discussed in this paper. Of particular importance are skills in the recognition and manipulation of basic speech sounds, phonemes. The first of the program's three parts takes two and one-half…