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Visual Traces of Language Acquisition in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder during the Second Year of Life
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Habayeb, Serene; Tsang, Tawny; Saulnier, Celine; Klaiman, Cheryl; Jones, Warren; Klin, Ami; Edwards, Laura A. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2021
Infants show shifting patterns of visual engagement to faces over the first years of life. To explore the adaptive implications of this engagement, we collected eye-tracking measures on cross-sectional samples of 10-25-month-old typically developing toddlers (TD;N = 28) and those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD;N = 54). Concurrent language…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Language Acquisition, Infants
Early Emergence of Discrepancy in Adaptive Behavior and Cognitive Skills in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Bradshaw, Jessica; Gillespie, Scott; Klaiman, Cheryl; Klin, Ami; Saulnier, Celine – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2019
Individuals with autism spectrum disorder and average IQ exhibit a widening discrepancy between lagging adaptive skills relative to their cognitive potential, but it is unknown when this discrepancy emerges in development. To address this important question, we measured adaptive and cognitive skills longitudinally, from 12-36 months, in 96…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Behavior Problems, Cognitive Ability
Reliability of the ADI-R for the Single Case-Part II: Clinical versus Statistical Significance
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Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Lord, Catherine; Koenig, Kathy; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
In an earlier investigation, the authors assessed the reliability of the ADI-R when multiple clinicians evaluated a single case, here a female 3 year old toddler suspected of having an autism spectrum disorder (Cicchetti et al. in "J Autism Dev Disord" 38:764-770, 2008). Applying the clinical criteria of Cicchetti and Sparrow ("Am J…
Descriptors: Autism, Females, Toddlers, Pervasive Developmental Disorders
Early-Emerging Social Adaptive Skills in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders: An Item Analysis
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Ventola, Pamela; Saulnier, Celine A.; Steinberg, Elizabeth; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
Individuals with ASD have significant impairments in adaptive skills, particularly adaptive socialization skills. The present study examined the extent to which 20 items from the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Socialization Domain differentiated between ASD and developmentally delayed (DD) groups. Participants included 108 toddlers with ASD or…
Descriptors: Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Autism, Toddlers, Socialization
Reliability of the ADI-R: Multiple Examiners Evaluate a Single Case
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Cicchetti, Domenic V.; Lord, Catherine; Koenig, Kathy; Klin, Ami; Volkmar, Fred R. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
The authors assessed the reliability of the Autism Diagnostic Interview (ADI-R). Seven Clinical Examiners evaluated a three and one half year old female toddler suspected of being on the Autism Spectrum. Examiners showed agreement levels of 94-96% across all items, with weighted kappa (K[subscript w]) between 0.80 and 0.88. They were in 100%…
Descriptors: Autism, Interrater Reliability, Measures (Individuals), Clinical Diagnosis
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers: A Follow-Up Study Investigating the Early Detection of Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Kleinman, Jamie M.; Robins, Diana L.; Ventola, Pamela E.; Pandey, Juhi; Boorstein, Hilary C.; Esser, Emma L.; Wilson, Leandra B.; Rosenthal, Michael A.; Sutera, Saasha; Verbalis, Alyssa D.; Barton, Marianne; Hodgson, Sarah; Green, James; Dumont-Mathieu, Thyde; Volkmar, Fred; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami; Fein, Deborah – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2008
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) often go undetected in toddlers. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was used to screen 3,793 children aged 16-30 months from low- and high-risk sources; screen positive cases were diagnostically evaluated. Re-screening was performed on 1,416 children aged 42-54 months. Time1 Positive Predictive…
Descriptors: Check Lists, Autism, Toddlers, Children
Screening for Autism in Older and Younger Toddlers with the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
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Pandey, Juhi; Verbalis, Alyssa; Robins, Diana L.; Boorstein, Hilary; Klin, Ami; Babitz, Tammy; Chawarska, Katarzyna; Volkmar, Fred; Green, James; Barton, Marianne; Fein, Deborah – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2008
The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was used to screen younger (16-23 months) versus older (24-30 months) high- and low-risk toddlers. Refusal rates for follow-up interview showed no group differences, but parents of younger/low-risk children were more likely to refuse evaluation than parents of high-risk children. PPP for an…
Descriptors: Check Lists, Autism, Toddlers, Identification
Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Second Year: Stability and Change in Syndrome Expression
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Klin, Ami; Paul, Rhea; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2007
Objectives: Increasing numbers of young children referred for a differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) necessitates better understanding of the early syndrome expression and the utility of the existing state-of-the art diagnostic methods in this population. Method: Out of 31 infants under the age of 2 years referred for a…
Descriptors: Language Impairments, Observation, Autism, Clinical Diagnosis
Parental Recognition of Developmental Problems in Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorders
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Chawarska, Katarzyna; Paul, Rhea; Klin, Ami; Hannigen, Sarah; Dichtel, Laura E.; Volkmar, Fred – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2007
Symptoms of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) begin to manifest during the first 2 years; there is limited evidence regarding type and timing of symptom onset. We examined factors related to parental age of recognition (AOR) of early abnormalities and the association between AOR and diagnosis and levels of functioning at 2 and 4 years in 75 toddlers…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)