Indiscriminate friendliness (IF) is a prominent issue with children adopted from China to the United States. Through a mixed methods design, the authors explored four Chinese adoptees' experiences of IF within their real-life context, investigated potential factors associated with IF, and examined the IF-attachment relationship. This mixed methods…

Learn what prominent theorists say about bonding, attachment, separation and stranger anxiety, and the best practices for infant care. This introductory guide makes it easy to learn about John Bowlby, Mary Ainsworth, Magda Gerber, John Kennell, Marshall Klaus, and T. Berry Brazelton.

Relations between infant-mother attachment security at 15 months and infants' (N = 206) joint attention behaviors (a) with an experimenter at 8 and 15 months, and (b) with their mothers at 15 months were investigated. No concurrent or longitudinal relations were observed between attachment security and infants' tendency to respond to an…

Using ethnographic fieldwork conducted in a public high school located in the greater Barcelona area, Anne Rios-Rojas focuses on the experiences of immigrant youth as they negotiate a sense of belonging in an ever more globalized society. Rios-Rojas pays particular attention to the multiple and at times contradictory ways in which youth maneuver…

Disorganized attachment in infancy is known to predict a wide range of maladaptive outcomes, but its origins are poorly understood. Parental lack of resolution concerning loss or trauma has been proposed to result in atypical parenting behaviors, which in turn have a disorganizing effect on the parent-child relationship. The authors review the…

This study shows that 12-month-old infants direct more distal/affiliative behaviors to their fathers and show no preference between parents in proximal/attachment behaviors. However, with a stranger present, more proximal/attachment behaviors are directed toward the mother with no preference shown in distal/affiliative behaviors. (JMB)

The facial expressions of twenty-eight 13-month-old middle-class children were videotaped during the 3-minute separation episode of the Ainsworth strange-situation procedure. Anger was the dominant negative emotion expressed by the majority of children; patterns of emotion expression varied with type of attachment; and the proportion of time anger…

In a longitudinal study of 29 middle-class Japanese infants, an attempt was made to identify early temperamental dispositions that predict later attachment classification. Specifically, Ainsworth Strange Situation observations at 12 months of age were preceded by, among others, observation of distress evident in newborns when a nipple was removed;…

Familiarity of the setting, the mother's presence, sex of the stranger, and the distance separating the infant and the stranger were varied to examine the expression of stranger fear in 32 infants from 6 to 11 months of age. (Author/JMB)

Results suggest that various aspects of Strange Situation behavior are related to both maternal and infant temperament, and that maternal temperament is a predictor of attachment security, particularly for Type A mother-avoidant infants. (Author/RH)

Under equivalent task conditions, assessed object and person concept attainment in securely and insecurely attached infants. Subjects were 16 male and 23 female infants from middle class families. (Author/RH)

This experiment tested the theoretical predictions concerning the patterns of visual fixation to representations of familiar and unfamiliar persons during the second quarter of the first year of life. Subjects were twelve 4-month-old and twelve 6-month-old infants. (Author/SB)