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Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee, 2020
Each year, the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC) releases a list of scientific advances that represent significant progress in the field. The "2019 IACC Summary of Advances" provides short, plain language summaries of the top research breakthroughs selected by the IACC from a pool of research articles nominated by the…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Clinical Diagnosis, Predictor Variables
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Visser, Janne C.; Rommelse, Nanda; Vink, Lianne; Schrieken, Margo; Oosterling, Iris J.; Gaag, Rutger J.; Buitelaar, Jan K. – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2014
This study examined the differential contribution of pre-and perinatal risks in narrowly versus broadly defined autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and across core symptom domains, IQ and co-morbid problems. Children with a DSM-IV diagnosis of autistic disorder (AD) (n = 121) or pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS)…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Children, Symptoms (Individual Disorders)
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Brosnan, Mark; Walker, Ian – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2009
Of particular interest to studying the etiology of Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) is the potential for multiple risk factors to combine through non-random mechanisms--assortative mating. Both genetic influences and a high-testosterone prenatal environment have been implicated in the etiology of ASDs, and given that waist-hip ratio (WHR) is…
Descriptors: Mothers, Autism, Risk, Etiology
Lattari, Fallon; Dragowski, Eliza A. – Communique, 2011
Childhood-onset schizophrenia is an exceedingly rare mental illness whose complex, multifaceted behavioral presentation can disrupt child development and raise diagnostic and treatment difficulties for attending clinicians. The disorder, affecting one in 30,000 children, shares the same diagnostic criteria and symptoms as its adult counterpart,…
Descriptors: Schizophrenia, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Child Development, At Risk Persons
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Mill, Jonathan; Petronis, Arturas – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neurobehavioural disorder defined by symptoms of developmentally inappropriate inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity. As is the norm for most psychiatric phenotypes, traditional aetiological studies have focused primarily on the interplay between genetic and environmental…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Child Behavior, Behavior Problems, Environmental Influences
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Crothers, Laura M.; Kehle, Thomas J.; Bray, Melissa A.; Theodore, Lea A. – Psychology in the Schools, 2009
The correlates and suspected causes of the intractable condition obesity are complex and involve environmental and heritable, psychological and physical variables. Overall, the factors associated with and possible causes of it are not clearly understood. Although there exists some ambiguity in the research regarding the degree of happiness in…
Descriptors: Obesity, Body Weight, Child Health, Etiology
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Altink, Marieke E.; Arias-Vasquez, Alejandro; Franke, Barbara; Slaats-Willemse, Dorine I. E.; Buschgens, Cathelijne J. M.; Rommelse, Nanda N. J.; Fliers, Ellen A.; Anney, Richard; Brookes, Keeley-Joanne; Chen, Wai; Gill, Michael; Mulligan, Aisling; Sonuga-Barke, Edmund; Thompson, Margaret; Sergeant, Joseph A.; Faraone, Stephen V.; Asherson, Philip; Buitelaar, Jan K. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2008
Background: The dopamine receptor D4 ("DRD4") 7-repeat allele and maternal smoking during pregnancy are both considered as risk factors in the aetiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but few studies have been conducted on their interactive effects in causing ADHD. The purpose of this study is to examine the gene by…
Descriptors: Siblings, Smoking, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Pregnancy
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Paley, Blair; O'Connor, Mary J. – Developmental Disabilities Research Reviews, 2009
Exposure to alcohol in utero is considered to be the leading cause of developmental disabilities of known etiology. The most severe consequence of such exposure, fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), is characterized by a distinct constellation of characteristic facial anomalies, growth retardation, and central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. Some…
Descriptors: Developmental Disabilities, Fetal Alcohol Syndrome, Etiology, Anatomy
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Al-Ansari, Ahmed – Mental Retardation, 1993
Analysis of 109 Bahraini school children with mild mental retardation found the cause to be prenatal in 38.5%, perinatal in 11.9%, postnatal in 7.4%, and untraceable in 42%. Predisposing background factors included an illiterate father, consanguinity, and a relative with mental retardation. (Author/JDD)
Descriptors: At Risk Persons, Children, Congenital Impairments, Developing Nations
Hanson, Marci J., Ed. – 1996
The 13 chapters of this text focus on the complex development issues and interdisciplinary service needs of infants and young children at risk and their families. The text is organized into four sections on: developmental and intervention principles, identification and assessment, developmental issues, and early intervention. Chapter titles and…
Descriptors: At Risk Persons, Child Development, Cognitive Processes, Communication Skills