Formal schooling in the U.S. has a long and violent history towards Indigenous peoples, today morphing into exclusion and erasure. Using a novel longitudinal dataset of U.S. textbooks (n = 193) from California and Texas, published from 1850 to 2019, we seek to shine light on the issue through a comprehensive analysis of depictions of Indigenous…

The "IDRA Newsletter" serves as a vehicle for communication with educators, school board members, decision-makers, parents, and the general public concerning the educational needs of all children across the United States. The focus of this issue is "Culturally Sustaining Schools." Contents include: (1) Texas HB 3979 Will Hurt…

This article engages an important, but difficult conversation about the erasure of indigeneity in narratives, curriculum, identities, and racial projects that uphold settler colonial logics that fall under the rubric of Hispanic, Latina/o/x, and Chicana/o/x. These settler colonial logics include violence by these groupings against Indigenous…

Caddo Indian villages occupied a region along an extensive trade network that stretched well into the North American South and West. Before the Spanish began to clamp down on French traders in their second attempt to establish a presence in East Texas in the 1750's, the Indians of the region had already enjoyed extensive trade relations with the…

This guide is a study of the many cultures that went into the making of Texas, from Indians who inhabited the land before the arrival of Europeans to the different European nationalities that explored and settled Texas. This work can be used by students as a text in secondary level social studies programs, or by a teacher as a reference or…

Intended for classroom teachers on the secondary level, the historical bibliography cites 581 publications which can be obtained from bookstores, public and university libraries, and through inter-library loans. Although the materials, published between 1899 and 1973, stress Texas themes, material on the greater Southwest and the nation is…