Contends that comprehensive discussion of women's alcoholism must include understanding of how male-as-norm bias has affected alcoholism research, assessment, and treatment. Summarizes how male-as-norm bias has affected research on women's alcoholism and shaped perceptions of women's alcoholic behavior and their responses to treatment. (Author/NB)

Sober alcoholics and peer controls were tested and retested 14 months later on neuropsychological performance tests (NTP) and also had event-related potentials (ERPs) recorded to visual stimulation. Both NTP and ERP measures distinguished male alcoholics from controls; NTP only distinguished female alcoholics from controls. Both measures…

Examines the relationship between parental alcoholism, family-of-origin functioning, and current marital satisfaction. Results indicate that family-of-origin functioning is positively related to marital satisfaction. Individuals with alcoholic parents reported lower family-of-origin functioning, and an interaction between gender and parental…

Reasonable and moderate drinking is considered acceptable by the major portion of the population. Although women consume less alcohol than men, alcohol has a greater intoxicating effect for women than for men because of the differences in body water content and proportion of fatty tissue. The prevalence rate of drinking is virtually identical for…

Derived replicated Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory clusters for both inpatient alcoholic men and women (N=300). Subsequent multivariate analyses employing several alcohol-use scales revealed significant differences among subtypes of alcoholic women but relatively poor differentiation among subtypes of men by these measures. (BH)

Examined relationship between psychosocial development, gender, and prealcoholism in 100 college students. Findings showed no statistically significant relationship between psychosocial development and prealcoholism but revealed a definite relationship between gender and higher scores on MacAndrew Alcoholism Scale indicating prealcoholism, such…

Utilizes structural model to examine relationships between three male-role variables, alcohol consumption, and alcohol-related problems in sample of men and women. For men, traditional attitudes led to more alcohol consumption, whereas agentic traits protected them from experiencing alcohol-related problems and from experiencing masculine…

Studies show that the percentage of women in the United States who drink, has remained stable over the last several decades. However, patterns in female drinking have changed, indicating a trend toward higher rates of heavy/frequent drinking among young women. Negative attitudes toward female intoxication still prevail and a double standard…

Examined responses of 86 chronic alcoholic males to item 101 of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), "I believe women ought to have as much sexual freedom as men." The proportion of responses with "False" was similar to recent normative MMPI data on normal US Midwest males. (Author/KS)

To investigate whether men and women think alike about drinking and the effects of alcohol, the Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire was administered to 440 college students, 120 medical patients, and 305 alcoholics in residential treatment. Previous and current drinking patterns and background information were also examined. Subjects were grouped by…

Examines drug and alcohol abuse, alone and in combination, among older people (N=100) using case records, interviews, and a questionnaire. Results showed 29 percent used other drugs in conjunction with alcohol, particularly among Blacks. Most respondents began to drink heavily between age 55 and 64. (JAC)

Interviewed 20 female and 44 male bartenders. Findings indicated that both male and female bartenders are reliable reporters of their own and their customers' drinking behaviors and are aware of causes of problem drinking. Both male and female bartenders were positive about taking courses in alcoholism. (Author/RC)

Investigated personality and family-of-origin differences in male and female alcoholics. Results, based on medical records (N=204) of patients admitted to a residential chemical dependency center indicate that, regarding personality disturbances, men were healthier than women. More women had psychiatric treatment, were married to an alcoholic, or…

Special issues faced by chemically dependent women are reviewed. Self-in-Relation Theory, a model of psychological development for women, is discussed; the approach of Women for Sobriety is presented. When these two approaches are related, an alternative way of understanding and supporting chemically dependent women in recovery is provided. (EMK)

The purpose of this study was to determine the attitudes held by counseling psychologists about alcoholics and alcoholism, and to determine the relationship between these attitudes and the individual's level of experience, knowledge and training in the alcoholism domain. Although counseling psychologists typically deal with developmental issues,…