This investigation, conducted at Clearfield, Utah, Job Corps Urban Center, attempted to help the Advanced Education Department select and predict the performance of corpsmen who would attempt the General Education Development (GED) test (high school equivalency). Previous selection procedures were cumbersome, confusing, and with a high attrition…

Five descriptive personality scales evaluating the individual's internal-external orientation were administered to 120 educable mentally handicapped children, 30 each at chronological age levels 9, 11, 13, and 15. Reading and arithmetic achievement tests were also given. Results indicated a significant relationship between three of the personality…

This study evaluated the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) as a predictor of employment status with male, physically handicapped vocational rehabilitants of employable age who had been patients at centers at the University of North Dakota and the University of Minnesota; and compared Katzell's Double Cross-Validation (DCV) with a…

Examination of data from 1985 visits by 110 runaway and 655 non-runaway youth to an outpatient medical clinic reveals that runaway youth are at greater risk for a wide variety of medical problems and of health-compromising behaviors including suicide, depression, prostitution, and drug use. (Author/BJV)

Students' ability to validate results of their psychological tests was examined. Seniors and graduate students could reliably select their profiles from the California Psychological Inventory (CPI), while college sophomores could not. College sophomores could select their Differential Aptitudes Test (DAT) profiles more confidently than their CPI…

A survey investigated aging in 37 men and 28 women with mental retardation in three age groups: 40-49, 50-59, and 60+ living in group homes and apartments in Israel. Results indicate declines as early as age 40 in physical health. The most common ailment is diabetes, followed by weight problems. (Contains references.) (Author/CR)

Describes a study of Belgian secondary school teachers that investigated the relationship between computer use in the classroom and influencing factors on an individual level. Considers age, gender, teaching a technology-related subject, computer attitudes, and innovativeness; and uses stepwise logistic regression to analyze the strongest…

With age, Chilean, Filipino, and U.S. youth come to believe that fewer issues are legitimately within the control of parents and that they are less obliged to obey parental rules. These beliefs vary across domains and countries, providing insight into parent-adolescent conflict and the development of autonomy. (Contains 2 figures.)

The author studied children's and young adult's perceptions of facial age and beliefs about the sociability, cognitive ability, and physical fitness of adult faces. From pairs of photographs of adult faces, participants (4-6 years old, 8-10 years old, 13-16 years old, and 19-23 years old) selected the one face that appeared younger, older, better…

Objective: Antisocial behavior that begins in mid- to late adolescence does not fit into commonly accepted taxonomies of antisocial behavior, yet it clearly exists. This study examined how this course of antisocial behavior compares with persisting (beginning by early adolescence and continuing through late adolescence) and desisting (stopping by…

We analyze survey data from 181 male and 224 female inmates serving brief prison terms for nonviolent offenses to examine offenders' perceptions of the severity of boot camp compared to prison. Building on the limited work in this area, we present reasons those offenders feel are important to both avoid and participate in alternative sanctions.…

This article provides a review of various types of literature on gender differences among substance abusers. The authors begin this literature review by summarizing the literature on the differing treatment needs of men and women. The authors continue with a review of the empirically based literature on gender differences in background…

This study examined unique associations of multiple distal context variables (family socioeconomic status [SES], maternal employment, and paternal parenting) and proximal maternal (personality, intelligence, and knowledge; behavior, self-perceptions, and attributions) and child (age, gender, representation, language, and sociability)…

The purpose of this research was to examine the characteristics of older Canadians with dementia (compared to those without dementia), their use of health care services, and the impact of place (rural/urban) on use of services. Andersen and Newman's Behavioural Model of Health Services Use (1973) guided the study. A cross-sectional design used…

Discussed are family and child characteristics related to mild adjustment problems following separation and divorce. Data were obtained in a longitudinal study of 120 families with children 6 through 12 years of age. While children in the sample were not very disturbed, data indicate that the "well-being" of children and mothers was better after…