This study examines the demographic and physical and mental health characteristics of social work clients among cancer patients in Canada as compared with nonusers of social work services, and factors that affect use of social work services among cancer patients. On the basis of data from two cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey, the…

The decision for psychiatric hospitalization after deliberate self-poisoning (DSP) is not well understood. This study, a longitudinal cohort study of 3,148 consecutive DSP patients found 920 (29.2%) subjects were referred for psychiatric hospitalization, 576 (18.3%) on involuntary basis. A logistic regression analysis showed increased risk for:…

The purpose of this exploratory study was to compare the parenting behavior, stress and support of foster mothers and biological mothers of young children. A sample of 60 mothers of young children (30 foster mothers, 30 biological mothers) completed measures of parenting behavior, parenting stress, child problem behaviors, and perceived social…

Previous research on friendship selection has failed to focus on how the selection process changes with age or in differently organized environments. This review of the literature takes a life-course perspective on the selection of friends, charting research results on three aspects of the selection process: (1) the number of friends and their…

The author discusses the various contradictory views about middle age. Some claim that middle aged persons face a new identity crisis and have a number of adjustment problems in their work and marriage. Others maintain that middle age is a period of maturity and strength. (SE)

Effects of two environmental variables, activity type and age groupings, and two child variables, age and handicapping condition, were examined with respect to the engagement of toddlers and preschoolers in a mainstreaming day care center. The construct of engagement is predicated on the assumption that the more time an individual spends attending…

Health and demographic characteristics of adolescent and older mothers have been examined mostly in samples representative of urban populations often with large proportions of racial or ethnic minorities. The generalizability of data from urban, heterogeneous samples to service providers in states with large rural and semi-rural populations is…

The assumptions individuals make about their personal behaviors have received extensive attention, particularly the concepts of locus of control and self-efficacy. An additional concept, change orientation, refers to assumptions about how to change personal behavior. Approximately 180 subjects ranging from college freshmen to graduate students…

In order to evaluate how individual characteristics of hospitalized children influence their acquisition of information presented in a film depicting preparation for surgery, 42 children between the ages of 4 to 17 were assigned to experimental and control groups that were matched for age, sex, race, type of surgery and previous hospital…

University of Michigan faculty members were interviewed on matters related to their careers. The data were analyzed with regard to productivity, promotion rate, and perceptions and values of faculty with respect to the weight that research, teaching, and service are given in promotion decisions. (Author/MLW)

Demographic and professional characteristics of the University of Houston's College of Optometry's first 25 graduating classes were studied. The characteristics examined included mean age at graduation, distribution by sex, activity status, geographic distribution, ethnic background, and professional affiliation. (MLW)

Assessed the stereotypes of groups identified by age and either by sex, occupation, or ethnicity in samples of college students and elderly persons. Findings indicate both groups of observers stereotyped young mature adults in terms of a variety of features but stereotyped old people mainly in terms of age. (Author)

Anticipated counseling behaviors of college students and their preferences for counselors of both sexes and four different age groups were explored in a hypothetical counselor study. Results indicate students anticipated that their verbal interactions with the counselors would be influenced by the combined effects of counselor sex and age. (Author)

Analysis of interactions during 55 videotaped interviews of high-risk sex abuse cases found no support for the assumption that a credible disclosure of abuse must include the display of emotion by the child. Some behavioral differences between preschool and school-age children were found, but no gender differences. (Author/DB)

Analyzed national data to identify characteristics that distinguished early and late coital behavior among black adolescent females. Compared to early coital initiators, late coital initiators were better informed about sexual issues and were exposed to life circumstances that encouraged them to delay sexual onset (two-parent families, higher…