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Williams Syndrome Hypersociability: A Neuropsychological Study of the Amygdala and Prefrontal Cortex Hypotheses
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Capitao, Liliana; Sampaio, Adriana; Fernandez, Montse; Sousa, Nuno; Pinheiro, Ana; Goncalves, Oscar F. – Research in Developmental Disabilities: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Individuals with Williams syndrome display indiscriminate approach towards strangers. Neuroimaging studies conducted so far have linked this social profile to structural and/or functional abnormalities in WS amygdala and prefrontal cortex. In this study, the neuropsychological hypotheses of amygdala and prefrontal cortex involvement in WS…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Age, Nonverbal Communication, Profiles
Working Memory Functions in Children with Different Degrees of Intellectual Disability
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Schuchardt, K.; Gebhardt, M.; Maehler, C. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2010
Background: In recent years, there has been increased research interest in the functioning of working memory in people with intellectual disabilities. Although studies have repeatedly found these individuals to have weak working memory skills, few investigations have distinguished between different degrees of intellectual disability. This study…
Descriptors: Learning Problems, Mental Age, Age, Investigations
Narrative Skill in Boys with Fragile X Syndrome with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Estigarribia, Bruno; Martin, Gary E.; Roberts, Joanne E.; Spencer, Amy; Gucwa, Agnieszka; Sideris, John – Applied Psycholinguistics, 2011
We examined recalled narratives of boys with fragile X syndrome with autism spectrum disorder (FXS-ASD; N = 28) and without ASD (FXS-O; N = 29), and compared them to those of boys with Down syndrome (N = 33) and typically developing (TD) boys (N = 39). Narratives were scored for mentions of macrostructural story grammar elements (introduction,…
Descriptors: Story Grammar, Mental Age, Age, Syntax
A Cross-Syndrome Study of the Development of Holistic Face Recognition in Children with Autism, Down Syndrome, and Williams Syndrome
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Annaz, Dagmara; Karmiloff-Smith, Annette; Johnson, Mark H.; Thomas, Michael S. C. – Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 2009
We report a cross-syndrome comparison of the development of holistic processing in face recognition in school-aged children with developmental disorders: autism, Down syndrome, and Williams syndrome. The autism group was split into two groups: one with high-functioning children and one with low-functioning children. The latter group has rarely…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Age, Autism, Down Syndrome
Implicit Memory Is Independent from IQ and Age but Not from Etiology: Evidence from Down and Williams Syndromes
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Vicari, S.; Verucci, L.; Carlesimo, G. A. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2007
Background: In the last few years, experimental data have been reported on differences in implicit memory processes of genetically distinct groups of individuals with Intellectual Disability (ID). These evidences are relevant for the more general debate on supposed asynchrony of cognitive maturation in children with abnormal brain development.…
Descriptors: Mental Age, Age, Reaction Time, Mental Retardation
Note on Jensen and Rohwer's "Mental Retardation, Mental Age, and Learning Rate"
Glass, Gene V. – J Educ Psychol, 1969
Reprints from: Gene V. Glass, Laboratory of Educational Research, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80302.
Descriptors: Age, Hypothesis Testing, Intelligence Quotient, Learning
A Reply to Glass
Rohwer, William D.; Jensen, Arthur R. – J Educ Psychol, 1969
Reprints from: Arthur R. Jensen, School of Education, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720.
Descriptors: Age, Hypothesis Testing, Intelligence Quotient, Learning
Are Numerical Impairments Syndrome Specific? Evidence from Williams Syndrome and Down's Syndrome
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Paterson, Sarah J.; Girelli, Luisa; Butterworth, Brian; Karmiloff-Smith, Annette – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2006
Background: Several theorists maintain that exact number abilities rely on language-relevant processes whereas approximate number calls on visuo-spatial skills. We chose two genetic disorders, Williams syndrome and Down's syndrome, which differ in their relative abilities in verbal versus spatial skills, to examine this hypothesis. Five…
Descriptors: Genetic Disorders, Mental Age, Age, Mental Retardation