A study to explore internship expectations of students enrolled in administrative/supervisory credential programs in Utah concerned the internship in four areas: academic value, relationships with supervisors, activities performed, and requirements of the internship. Questionnaires were sent to 133 students and 89 responded. (Contains 24…

Uses two theoretical frameworks to examine principal effectiveness: a taxonomy of necessary people-management skills and the professional socialization process. Surveys 450 principals and 208 superintendents in California who had been appointed to their present position in 1989 or later. Results show strong agreement regarding critical skills for…

Management education has been subjected to scrutiny and criticism over its lack of relevance to the "real world" of management practice. In response, many institutions have developed and, in some cases, require students to complete an internship as part of their degree requirements. International business is a field of study where internships can…

This paper reviews the characteristics of effective internship field experience and programs. The internship serves an important function in preparing educational administrators, as it bridges the gap between classroom practice and professional practice. Although the internship has been an integral component of many administrator preparation…

The purpose of this literature review is to produce a list of essential knowledge and skills for beginning principals. Research on the principalship falls into two distinct categories: prescriptive and descriptive. Prescriptive research emphasizes the perceived or idealized role of the principal as "bold innovator" or "creative…

Issues involved in improving administrator preparation programs are described in this ERIC Digest. A literature review identifies appropriate skills and methods for administrator training and summarizes recommendations such as application of theory to practice and development of full-time internships, school/university collaboration, mentorships,…

Interorganizational structures may have elements that promote or reduce stress and conflict among participants. This study identified such elements in an interorganizational structure that was classified as a loosely coupled system. The interorganizational structure examined was the Internships, Certification, Equity-Leadership, and Support (ICES)…

The National Level Internship Program is designed to give eight students at the doctoral level in educational administration the opportunity to work for a year in federal or private, special or general education agencies at the national level. The purpose is to provide training to a new generation of educational leaders at a time when the need to…

This publication describes a proposed business management intern system designed to provide an alternative means of gaining employment skills for college-eligible high school graduates. In addition to discussing the design of such an internship program, the report also presents a proposal for conducting a four-year experiment to test and perfect…

This speech outlines a local elementary principals association's innovative program of career development for elementary school principals. This program consisted of three elements: (1) human relations skills, (2) management training, and (3) internships. The program's uniqueness centered around its longrange training projections for currently…

A theme common to recommendations for change in school leader preparation is that preparation be grounded in practice and include field-based experience or internship. Despite recognition for reform, substantial change has been slow to emerge. This study was conducted in North Carolina in 1995 to assess revised leadership preparation programs…

This paper examines a program that was developed at the University of Texas at Arlington to equip future educational leaders to guide schools through important educational reforms. The program offers a balance of seminars and internship experiences, departing from the traditional university-based delivery of instruction. The evaluation of the…

In 1997, concurrent with their internships, nine administrative candidates, all women who differed in age, ethnicity, and school experience, participated in a research project focused on the structural, cultural, political, and symbolic differences that divide teachers and administrators. Through an ongoing series of individual interviews, focus…

Discusses the limitations of social science-based administration preparation, and recommends writing a "platform"--an individual's statement of beliefs about education--to increase educational administrators' self-understanding. Describes how to test whether individuals' platforms are integrated with their behavior and applies the…

Project ICES (A Project of Internships, Certification, Equity-Leadership, and Support) links the major educational agencies in a state to select, train, and place a group of women with proven administrative ability. (Author/IRT)