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Zhang, Qiyang; Storey, Nathan – Theory Into Practice, 2022
COVID learning loss has sparked fierce debate among stakeholders in education. There are debates among concerned educators about ways to understand learning loss reports, methods to measure learning loss, and strategies to recover from learning loss. In this article, we unpack opposing perspectives on these three controversies with the goal of…
Descriptors: COVID-19, Pandemics, Achievement Gains, Achievement Gap
Johnson, Angela; Kuhfeld, Megan; Soland, James – NWEA, 2022
About one in five students in the US attends a rural school, and over half of all school districts are in rural areas. And yet very little is known about achievement, achievement gaps, and academic growth in rural schools, including how school-year and summer changes in achievement may differ in these schools. This lack of information is…
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Achievement Gains, Mathematics Achievement, Reading Achievement
Hamilton, Laura S.; Engberg, John; Steiner, Elizabeth D.; Nelson, Catherine Awsumb; Yuan, Kun – RAND Corporation, 2012
In 2007, the Pittsburgh Public Schools (PPS) received funding from the U.S. Department of Education's Teacher Incentive Fund (TIF) program to implement the Pittsburgh Urban Leadership System for Excellence (PULSE), a set of reforms designed to improve the quality of school leadership throughout the district. A major component of PULSE is the…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Public Schools, Incentives, Principals