This paper provides some of the historical context of the efforts of the American Library Association (ALA) to define, extend, protect and advocate for equity of access, focusing on central tendencies rather than internal debate. The first section, "Toward the Concept of Access," discusses: how ALA became a public service organization; extension…

The problem of preserving digital information and the strategies that are and might be employed to address it are the focus of this fifth issue of "Transforming Libraries." Twenty-one individuals involved at the technical or policy level in developing strategies for preserving digital information were interviewed. There is consensus on a…

This paper focuses on efforts by library groups and individuals to influence the development of state government information policy in various states in the United States, and emphasizes the need for librarians to make sure they either initiate such development or insert themselves into any existing policy development processes. Emphasis is given…

New Zealand's Official Information Act (OIA) has been in force for almost two decades. During these years, there has been little research published about how citizens use the legislation or how agencies have responded to requests made under the Act. The aim of this project is to produce basic research data from a range of agencies to quantify use…

In July 1995, the Forum on Government Information Policy, representatives of several library associations, developed the "Model for New Universe of Federal Information Access and Dissemination." The model proposes to: (1) reconceptualize federal information access and dissemination responsibilities; and (2) reinvent the Federal…

Suggests that varied and often understated uses of copyrighted materials exist in academic settings. Introduces four "frames" of reference: Academic, Technological, Social, and Market. Presents court cases relevant to each frame. Explores two scenarios involving use of copyrighted materials. As technology increases both access and control, the…

Provides an overview of government publishing that focuses on the United States national government. Documents the shift from paper to electronic publication and discusses implications. Highlights include public availability and access, propaganda, policy, workshops on information dissemination, preservation of electronic resources, and the…

Explains libraries' roles in protecting intellectual freedom. Outlines these faulty impressions: librarians endorse the content of their collections; "everyone" agrees on controversial material; representation of all viewpoints means equal numbers; and denial of reconsideration requests indicates librarians don't take challenges seriously.…

Examines the growing demand for e-mail reference (Aska) service and how librarians can best manage an electronic help desk. Discusses problems of minimal information and anonymous patrons, followed by views on restricting/not restricting access to the service. Suggests ways to try to screen requests and specify a clientele. Notes the importance of…

Provides an overview of information policy, including its importance, its key instruments, and its complexity. Information policy issues that may create new roles for libraries include the ramifications of the public's right to information, the organization and retrieval of electronically networked information, information literacy training,…

This article examines what is implied by the term "trusted" in the phrase "trusted digital repositories." Digital repositories should be able to preserve electronic materials for periods at least comparable to existing preservation methods. Our collective lack of experience with preserving digital objects and consensus about the reliability of our…

Freedom of information and open government are becoming important issues in the European Community and Union. Although recent reforms have allowed greater access to Community and Union documents by individuals, the question of national parliaments and their rights is unresolved. Openness at the European level is vital if the Community and Union…

Discusses regulations and actions related to government withholding, suppressing, and altering information since September 11, 2001. Topics include conflicting goals of an informed citizenry versus national security, science and technology progress versus protection of sensitive information, and public health versus ideology; political pressure;…

The results of examining approximately 850 natural science, medical, and engineering journals were that 132 have at least 1 policy statement concerning deposition of sequence or structure data in a data bank before publication; deposition or sharing of research materials upon request; and availability of supplementary publication services. (65…

This overview of current state legislative issues related to intellectual freedom covers attempts to impose filtering on library Internet access, new "harmful to minors" laws, community obscenity statutes, restrictions on video lending, and more. A sidebar highlights the work of a coalition to defeat a "harmful to minors" law…