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Kohlfeld, Barbara Capshaw – Education, 1984
Opinionnaires were sent to one person in each of the 50 states who was knowledgeable about minimum competency testing. Results showed significant differences in opinion, but there was agreement that tests should be used to improve instruction and identify students needing remedial help. (JHZ)
Descriptors: Academic Achievement, Academic Standards, Elementary Secondary Education, Instructional Improvement

Palardy, J. Michael – Education, 1984
This article identifies as problems both social promotion and minimum competency decisions. The author analyzes the need for attention to individual differences and proposes that educational excellence within a compulsory system can be achieved only when standards are adjusted in accordance with individual differences. (MM)
Descriptors: Academic Failure, Academic Standards, Competency Based Education, Educational Assessment