While deaf children learning American Sign Language (ASL) from deaf caregivers generally develop along typical trajectories, some have been skeptical that deaf children who have hearing caregivers--the majority of deaf children--can similarly benefit from ASL exposure. This study tracked ASL fluency and academic achievement among a large sample of…

This explanatory sequential mixed methods study explored how and why dual language (DL) teachers used technology and the extent to which their use of technology supported the goals of DL of bilingualism, biliteracy, academic achievement, and sociocultural competence. The study was guided by Mishra and Koehler's (2006) technological pedagogical…

Five cohorts of students (N = 322) who completed a K-5 Spanish Dual Language Immersion (DLI) program in an urban school district were followed longitudinally through middle and high school completion. Academic and language achievement data included English Language Arts and Mathematics scores on the Standardized Testing and Reporting (STAR) test…

While America is becoming increasingly diverse, educational stakeholders seek programs that address varied language and cultural needs, which is reflected by the growing popularity of dual language immersion (DLI) programs in recent decades. The problem is an extensively persistent academic achievement gap between students with native English and…

The dual-language bilingual program in the Houston Independent School District (HISD) is intended to facilitate emergent bilinguals (EBs) integration into the regular school curriculum and ensure access to equal educational opportunities, while promoting biliteracy and bilingualism for both EBs and native English speakers. The dual-language (DL)…

In this dissertation, the effects of bilingual immersion curriculum versus monolingual curriculum on achievement of students in a select elementary school were examined. The researcher explored mathematical and reading achievement as measured by formative kindergarten through third grade assessments in a southeastern elementary school. Hypotheses…

The "Lau v. Nichols" ruling shows the importance of tailoring programs for local multilingual learners. We used longitudinal data from one school district in California to assess the relationship between attending a school with a language support program and English language arts (ELA) achievement. We found that students labeled an…

The Occupational Therapy Program at this Canadian university is a French program however, students must be bilingual to function in English or French clinical fieldwork settings. An understanding of the role of language in successful completion of program requirements was needed to effectively support students' education. The study objectives were…

School effectiveness research (SER) and bi/multilingual education research have been largely developed as separate research paradigms. Hence, SER research does not facilitate clear conclusions on bi/multilingual (the term 'multilingual' is used henceforth) education and its effectiveness. Despite the intensification of multilingual education…

This mixed-methods case study examines data for over 1,500 student awards at two dual language elementary schools collected over the course of two years. Using descriptive statistics, this paper examines student representation by demographics in quarterly scholastic awards. Through document analysis of award descriptions, we analyze how students…

Two-way dual language (TWDL) bilingual education programs share three core goals: academic achievement, bilingualism and biliteracy, and sociocultural competence. This article proposes a fourth core goal: critical consciousness. Although TWDL programs are designed to integrate students from diverse language, culture, and race backgrounds, equity…

In the study of English in a bilingual environment, issues related to the need to develop students' phonetic and lexical competencies, which include communication, phonetic and auditory skills and lexical sufficiency, are of particular relevance. The motive of this study is the need to improve the methodology of teaching English in the context of…

Two-way bilingual education (TWBE) is guided by three traditional goals: academic achievement, bilingualism/biliteracy, and sociocultural competence. The rapid growth, whitening, and gentrification of TWBE programs have prompted a call for an extension of the three traditional goals to include a fourth one: critical consciousness. This critical…

Emergent bilingual 1 (EB) students are students who are not proficient in English and who must be provided the option of either a bilingual or an ESL program. EBs who are in the district's two main bilingual programs (transitional and dual language) are instructed in both English and Spanish. The relative amount of instruction in each language…

Researchers found dual language programs allow students to acquire a second language while building positive cross-cultural beliefs. However, there are inconsistencies between what research shows and teachers' perceptions of success. The problem was a gap in academic achievement between both English Language Learners (ELL) and non-ELL students…