Evaluates the achievement, intelligence, and personality characteristics of students in the Street Academy, whose basic goal is to provide educational and education related services to school drop-outs, to increase their employment potential. (Author/AM)

By examining data from interviews with students in the Upward Bound program (a federally sponsored program that provides academic support to students at risk who are preparing for college entrance), this study seeks to strengthen an understanding of the role of trust among urban youth at risk in the educational organizations that serve them. This…

Five factors in the socialization of inner-city children significantly account for variance in achievement in the first and second grades. These factors are coping with anxiety by withdrawal, coping with anxiety by agression, alienation, sex, and verbal ability. (RC)

Whether using cooperative learning can improve the academic achievement of inner city middle school students was studied in Gary, Indiana at a school with a population of 503 students. Two seventh-grade classes taught by 1 African American male teacher served as 1 treatment group of 20 at-risk students and one nontreatment group of 24 high…

The relationship between each of several dimensions of the expectancies of fifth through eighth grade black urban pupils and their school achievement was examined. While anticipated differentiation on racial items was not seen, two important factors were found: general personal efficacy and interpersonal control. (Author/JKS)

Argues that blending school psychology and school counseling training to produce comprehensive mental health specialists is a way to address the identified social and emotional needs of children in urban schools. Such specialists could result in more comprehensive, coordinated school mental health services and lead to improved academic…

"Creating the Dropout" traces the history of school leaving and the concept of the dropout. The dropout was invented, not discovered, only being explicitly recognized after 1960. Inventing the dropout became a way to channel general concerns about the condition of cities, identifying dropouts as authors of their own troubles. (SLD)

Much has been written in recent years about the concept of empowerment, particularly as it relates to urban youth of color. The author agrees with Bemak et al.'s underlying premise that much of what is written about and practiced with respect to the empowerment of African American youth makes the assumption that counselors somehow empower young…

An analysis of data including standardized achievement test scores from 1960 and 1970 administrations from 62 community districts shows evidence of a strong relationship between the general level of reading within the schools, and health and welfare characteristics of community districts where the schools are located, it is stated. (Author/JM)

While student mobility is not a "cause" of low academic achievement, it is one of the correlates of academic performance that should be regarded as a potentially significant factor in shaping students' academic performance. In this document, the Urban Schools Initiative of the Ohio Department of Education makes several recommendations to…

The chapters in this collection, distributed to conference participants as a springboard for conference discussions, consider sustainable models for school-family-community collaboration, partnerships in education, and other ways to improve learning for urban youth. The contributions are: (1) "The Empowerment Zone and Enterprise Community"…

An analysis of the metropolitan tests reveals that they contain symbols not equally familiar and motivating to all socioeconomic groups; they are fixed on verbal symbols, paragraph content, and problem solving most familiar to higher and middle socioeconomic groups. (JM)

This article seeks to examine the relationships between level of acculturation and educational performance in Chicano high school students, and, in addition, to consider environmental differences (specifically, urban and suburban habitats) and socioeconomic conditions as possible mediating influences in the relationship. (CT)

Studied factors that influence academic success among 84 high-achieving African American students exposed to many stressful life events often associated with life in urban neighborhoods. Results show that adolescent-perceived hassles were indications of parental monitoring, and parental monitoring was positively related to self-esteem. Discusses…