Measures of life stress, locus of control, world view, and values were administered to 91 Rosebud Sioux. Results provide some limited norms for local use of these measures and descriptive data for this tribe. The measures provide examples of culturally relevant, nondiscriminatory instruments for assessment of Native Americans. (Author)

Using 276 students from Boston University and the University of Massachusetts at Amherst, the relationships between types of students and their work values and motivational profiles were investigated by means of factor and discriminant analyses. The vocational model is contrasted with the collegiate, nonconformist, and academic groups. (Author/MLW)

Describes the development of the College Freshman Adjustment Scale (CFAS) which enables deans and counselors to pinpoint quickly those areas of college life which may be generative of the problems college freshmen may experience. The CFAS was developed for two general areas: personal-social adjustment and academic adjustment. (Author/RC)

Reports on a study that assessed students' ability to perceive their teachers' level of warmth and empathy and whether this perception affected student achievement in language arts classrooms. (FL)

A one-year followup study of 482 children (ages 10 and 11) in their final year of primary school was conducted to determine the extent to which personality, behavioral, and educational variables at the primary school level related to their social, emotional and educational adjustment at the secondary school level. (KC)

Two components of life orientation emerged in study of 145 men and 142 women at age 26: Positive Orientation (PO), which included self-percepts of personal control over development; and Motivated Questioning (MQ), which consisted of identity exploration and dissatisfaction with present achievements. In comparison with MQ, PO was more strongly…

Medical school admission interview ratings for four entering classes (n=356 students) were compared with preadmission academic variables (admission test scores, undergraduate grades), student characteristics (age, gender, residence), and interviewer characteristics (gender, professional background, admission committee membership). Recommendations…

This study investigated the abilities, self-concept, personality, interest, motivational traits, and other determinants of knowledge across physical sciences/technology, biology/psychology, humanities, and civic domains. Results are consistent with theoretical predictions that development of intellect as knowledge results from investment of…

A longitudinal study of 117 teachers from the beginning of their preservice education through their fifth year of teaching found that attitude toward teaching as a career remained constant during teacher preparation but was less positive after five years of teaching. This attitude was related to 6 of 15 academic and personal characteristics…

Study aimed to identify risk factors, such as family pathology and psychosocial stress, of overdose suicide attempts among Bahraini youth. Stresses from living in a non-intact family; interpersonal relationships mainly with the opposite sex; unemployment; and school performance emerged as main risk factors. Previously identified factors, such as…

College students face a myriad of pressures and challenges in the academic environment as they seek to maintain optimal performance or even to remain in the academic program. In 2002, it was reported that more than 30% of first-year students did not return for their second year of college (Smith), and only 40% are reported to actually compete…

This report finds that adolescent smoking, drinking, misusing prescription drugs and using illegal drugs is, by any measure, a public health problem of epidemic proportion, presenting clear and present danger to millions of America's teenagers and severe and expensive long-range consequences for the entire population. This report is a wake-up call…

Children's adjustment and achievement in first grade is crucial to subsequent long-term school success. This study investigated characteristics related to kindergarten and first-grade children's social competence and school adjustment: (1) associations between personality characteristics and social competence; (2) the contribution of social and…

This study explored personality variables measured by the 16 Personality Factor (16PF) test and their relevance to success, as defined by the final course grade, in college calculus courses with 94 students. Two personality variables were significant predictors of success as determined by the final course grade. A Statistical Analysis System…

A program of theoretical and empirical research focusing on the ability determinants of individual differences in skill acquisition is reviewed. An integrative framework for information-processing and cognitive ability determinants of skills is reviewed, along with principles for ability-skill relations. Experimental manipulations were used to…