The Latino student presently faces many obstacles to achieve educational equity and excellence at the high school level. This article examines academic programming for Latino middle and high school English language learners (ELLs) and provides recommendations for addressing programming that promotes biliteracy policy and programming as a valued…

This study investigated the effects of two types of bilingual programs (two-way and transitional) on the academic performance and attitudes of fifth-grade students who entered kindergarten or first grade with different levels of English proficiency. A mixed methods design with both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analyses phases…

This report summarizes advances in bilingual education that help linguistically and culturally diverse (LCD) students reach high levels of achievement and performance. Factors to be considered include the native language, bilingualism and academic achievement, curriculum, parental and community influences, and programmatic evaluation. The reports…

This book is a teachers' guide to the "Primary Learning Record." The "Primary Learning Record" is a development of the "Primary Language Record," which has provided teachers with strong support for their record-keeping of children's language and literacy progress and development. It offers a clear format for…

The guidelines for assessment of limited-English-proficient (LEP) students in California public schools are one result of a recent statewide study of instruction and services for language minority children. An introductory section offers background information. Five subsequent sections present the specific guidelines, with explanation. The…

This study examines the academic performance of 6th-grade pupils who participated as Spanish-speaking limited English proficient (LEP) pupils in the district's bilingual education program; were reclassified as fluent-English proficient (FEP); and are now enrolled in all-English classes. The investigation was designed to answer the following…

Parents, educators, psychologists, and linguists are concerned about the effects of bilingualism on children, particularly young children. Although it is generally agreed that the minority-language child should develop bilingual and bicultural competence, there is disagreement concerning the role the two languages should play in the child's early…

Results of studies by four research teams on French as a second language in Ontario are presented along with commentaries. Merrill Swain and Sharon Lapkin's findings from the study "Bilingual Education in Ontario: A Decade of Research" are reported, and Michael Canale's discussion of the purposes and theoretical framework development of…

In 1985-86, its third and final year of operation, John Jay High School's (Brooklyn, New York) Project TRIUNFE served 314 students of Hispanic, Asian, Haitian and Indian backgrounds. Its goals were to improve students' competence in speaking, reading, and writing English; to enhance students' native language ability and ethnic pride; and to teach…

In 1984-85, the Bilingual Mini-School was in its second year of a 3-year funding cycle at Samuel Gompers High School (Bronx, New York). The program provided instruction in English as a second language (ESL) and native language arts, in addition to bilingual instruction in mathematics, science, and social studies, to 84 Spanish-speaking students of…

During 1983-84, the second of three program cycles of the Title VII English as a Second Language, Special Education Development Approach Curriculum Project (ESL-SEDAC) was fully implemented in the New York City Public Schools. The project provided direct instruction to 260 handicapped limited English proficient students, resource assistance,…

In its final year of a 2-year funding cycle, the Cooperative Work-Study Program for Bilingual Students offered bilingual instruction, career exploration programs, and supportive services to approximately 220 students in grades 9 through 12 at a high school in Bronx, New York. Almost all students were Hispanic and most were non-native born and of…

In 1985-86, Project CAREERS was in its third and final year at three Queens, New York, high schools. The project's goal was to help limited English proficient (LEP) students acquire proficiency in English while they developed reading and writing skills in their native languages. This goal was pursued through instruction in English as a second…

Title VII federal funds have been used in the Austin (Texas) Independent School District (AISD) since 1985-86 to enhance the regular secondary bilingual and English-as-a-second-language programs for Hispanic limited English proficient (LEP) students. The four secondary campuses involved were those with the highest concentrations of Hispanic LEP…

The observations of educators and educational research have shown that academic outcomes for minority groups exposed to the same educational programs are different. The phenomenon does not seem to be due to superior intelligence, social class, or length of time in the country. Documented since the mid-1960s, this should be taken into account when…