Research on test change often documents high-stakes English test impact on English language learning, whereas evidence for simultaneous impact on affective predictors of learning is still missing. We tested a theoretical model positing that changing high-stake English tests (English Language Requirements for University Entrance, in this study)…

There is a growing interest in conceptualizing, defining, and assessing what are often called 21st century skills or deeper learning competencies. The purpose of this literature review is to explore the conceptualizations, definitions, and understandings in the research literature related to self-directed learning. Key initial questions include:…

With the realisation of motivation being an essential factor that determines the successful acquisition of English as a foreign language (EFL) in China, there has been a proliferation of studies investigating Chinese secondary school students' English learning motivation. However, empirical studies addressing motivation differences are scarce.…

The study purposes were to explore the level of students' academic enablers and gender-based difference towards academic enablers scales (AES) among 3200 students that were selected randomly from 80 high schools of Punjab province of Pakistan. The descriptive design of the positivism research paradigm was used to accomplish the study. Academic…

Procedural knowledge learning focuses on integrating theory with practice; however, time and pace are the main critical issues. In response, this study proposes a flipped classroom approach based on the Bandura's [1986. The explanatory and predictive scope of self-efficacy theory. "Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology,"…

French immersion (FI) programs in Canada have historically served predominantly Canadian-born, English-speaking students and families in their endeavour to learn both of the country's official languages, French and English. However, FI programs are becoming increasingly culturally and linguistically diverse as a result of increased global…

Adding gaming elements to conventional teaching methodologies has gained a lot of attention because of its ability to incorporate an engaging, motivating, and fun-based environment. As a result, learners' dedication and performance are also better. Unfortunately, current gamification models do not consider the effect of different levels of…

Contemporary research has reiterated the complexity of motivation as shaped by an array of personal and contextual elements. Drawing on a person-in-context relational view, the present study aims to explore learners' motivational constructions through their ongoing interaction with significant others such as teachers, peers, parents and extended…

The objective of this study is to ascertain the effects of immersive virtual reality environments on students' academic achievement utilizing quantitative and qualitative approaches. First, databases of Web of Science, Google Scholar, ERIC, Proquest, YÖK Thesis Center, and ULAKBIM of Turkey were searched, and 31 studies (23 journal papers and 8…

As contemporary society evolves, technological revolutions are increasingly forcing academic and secondary institutions to adopt innovative strategies rather than traditional instruction. Therefore, the use of ICT in teaching is an active teaching method with proven effectiveness on learning outcomes and student motivation in life and earth…

The aim of this study has been to investigate the relationships among academic self-efficacy, academic motivation, and academic procrastination. The study has further delved into the question of whether academic motivation mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and academic procrastination. In order to investigate such links, three…

The study examined motivation and learning outcomes of the use of multimedia instructional message during the introductory part of 18 lessons of school subject Nature and Society in 4th grade. Learning outcomes were measured by immediate knowledge tests and global exams. The multimedia model was developed containing activities used either through…

This paper aims to analyze the effect of motivation in the development of English speaking skills on second language acquisition. There are so many excellent teaching methods that vary in effectiveness. Motivation is the driving force for learning another language, and integration of that language into the person's identity. Motivation is the…

The eclectic method allows teachers and students to easily adapt to learning needs so that learning goals or objectives can be achieved. The purpose of this article was to prove the positive impact of using the eclectic method on students' foreign language learning by comparing it to the traditional approach to teaching. This study proposed to…

The structure of mental activity and the consequent development of its components functionally affect the quality of the students' performance. The aim of this research was to know the difference between some structural details of the psychological levels of the functionality of the students with and without learning difficulties. It is a…