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Haley L. Gullion – ProQuest LLC, 2024
The purpose of this quantitative, quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group design study was to measure the effects of both types of manipulatives on student mathematical understanding of 1st and 4th grade, Title I students. This data is needed for teachers to make informed decisions regarding their instructional choices. 270 participants…
Descriptors: Federal Programs, Low Income, Grade 1, Grade 4
Poulsen, Helen – Online Submission, 2021
This report examines the beginning-of-year (BOY) reading performance of emergent bilingual students who attended virtual summer school in June 2020. Students' performance on the Texas Kindergarten Entry Assessment (TX-KEA) and MAP reading assessment was compared to that of similar emergent bilingual students who did not attend the summer school…
Descriptors: Electronic Learning, Summer Schools, English Language Learners, Bilingual Education
Jacqueline René Robinson Johnson – ProQuest LLC, 2022
Learners' foundational math skills obtained in the elementary grades profoundly impact their preparation for learning math in the upper grades. However, there is a deficiency in the foundational math skills necessary to be proficient in math and equivalent with their peers at grade level (Burton, 2018). In the elementary classrooms of kindergarten…
Descriptors: Federal Legislation, Educational Legislation, Manipulative Materials, Electronic Learning