Homeless and low-income students share multiple overlapping risk experiences; however, some studies report little to no observed differences in outcomes between these students. From the cumulative risk perspective, homelessness is perched at the extreme edge of economic insecurity, suggesting that homeless students encounter additional hardships…

School concentrated disadvantage has been linked to poorer academic achievement and psychosocial functioning in prior research. The current study expands upon prior examinations of school concentrated disadvantage by applying a measurement approach first described by Michelmore and Dynarski in 2017, where eligibility for free and reduced-price…

Despite research highlighting the importance of academic performance in reducing youth's bullying involvement, little attention has focused on its role in moderating the association between peer victimization and youth maladjustment, further there have been even fewer studies examining potential racial-ethnic differences in these associations.…

This memorandum provides information on Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) course enrollment, exam participation, and exam performance during the 2021-2022 school year in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). The College Board shifted their testing procedures in 2019-2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. During the…

This memorandum provides information related to Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) course enrollment, exam participation, and exam performance during the 2020-2021 school year in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). In this memo, the results of 2021 students were compared with those of 2019 students. It is important…

This memorandum provides information pertinent to the participation and performance of Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) examinations for the Class of 2019 in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). In 2019, 67.6 percent of MCPS graduates took one or more AP exams, a rate that was 20.7 and 28.7 percentage points higher…

This memorandum provides information related to Advanced Placement (AP) and International Baccalaureate (IB) course enrollment, exam participation, and exam performance during the 2018-2019 school year in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). In 2019, all 25 MCPS comprehensive high schools offered AP courses and 8 high schools provided IB…

The goal of this study is to: (1) provide an overview of the characteristics of 2018-2019 MCPS school principals at each school level (elementary, middle, and high school); (2) examine the factors associated with principals leaving their positions; (3) explore the turnover of school principals in the last nine years in MCPS and its relationship…

This study explores how linkages between adolescents' educational attitudes and achievement vary according to race, expressive culture, and neighborhood collective socialization qualities. Specifically, the study examines (a) racial differences in how males' educational attitudes relate to their academic performance (i.e.,…

Experiencing an early pubertal transition has been shown to increase the risk for internalizing and externalizing outcomes among girls. It is less clear how the expectations of other individuals can be critical determinants of vulnerability for early developers. This study used an experimental design to examine whether the expectations of teachers…

States are establishing high stakes assessments to serve as measurement tools of students' academic abilities. This study essentially compares Maryland's and Florida's mathematics and science assessments for similarities and differences. Building from 5-10 years of student level quantitative data (secondary data) and critical analyses of the…

The College Board released national Advanced Placement (AP) Program Results: Class of 2018 on February 6, 2019. This memorandum provides information pertinent to the AP and International Baccalaureate (IB) examination participation and performance for the Class of 2018 in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). The AP exam results in MCPS were…

The College Board released national Advanced Placement (AP) Cohort Results. This memorandum provides information pertinent to the AM international Baccalaureate (IB) participation and performance for the Class of 2017 in Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS). The AP exam results in MCPS were bench marked with the results for the state of…

Students in the Montgomery County Public Schools (MCPS) Class of 2016 continued to outperform students in the state of Maryland on Advanced Placement (AP) examinations based on AP results released by the Maryland State Department of Education and the College Board. The number and percentage of AP exam participation and performance for the State of…

The primary purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between school climate and student outcome variables. The secondary purpose was to examine the relationship between the use of Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports (PBIS) and the same student outcome variables. Variables depicting student perceptions of school climate,…