This study aims to analyze and examine the effects of education level, years of service, work motivation, and work discipline on learning interest; to analyze and examine the effects of education level, years of service, work motivation, work discipline, and learning interest on learning achievement; to analyze and explore the indirect effects of…

Achieving equal learning opportunities for all students is a major policy goal in all countries. All children have the opportunity to obtain high quality education. Teachers become a key element in improving the quality of primary and secondary education This paper is based on secondary data information collected from various sources, namely…

High-stakes testing regimes, in which schools are judged on their capacity to attain high student results in national tests, are becoming common in both developed and developing nations, including the United States, Britain and Australia. However, while there has been substantial investigation around the impact of high-stakes testing on curriculum…

This document comprises volume I of the national reports on the elementary/primary school curriculum in Asia and the Pacific sponsored by the National Institute for Educational Research (NIER) in Tokyo, Japan. Each nation's report is organized under the following topics: (1) general information on the geography and population, educational system,…