Since the initial passage of the Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965 (ESEA), private school children and educators have been eligible to participate in certain ESEA programs. The reauthorization of the ESEA by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA) in 2015 continues this requirement under Title VIII, Part F, Subpart 1 (Title VIII) of the ESEA, which requires that a State educational agency (SEA), local educational agency (LEA), educational service agency, consortium of those agencies, or another entity that receives funds under a Title VIII-covered program provide equitable services to eligible private school children and their teachers or other educational personnel. In general, LEAs are responsible for providing equitable services and benefits to eligible private school children and educators under covered ESEA programs. However, SEAs, educational service agencies, consortia of those agencies, or other entities receiving Federal financial assistance may be responsible for providing such services and benefits. This guidance document only addresses equitable services to eligible private school children and educators in covered ESEA programs under Title VIII and is intended to be used in conjunction with the applicable statute and regulations by both public and private school officials.