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Douglas, Ty-Ron M. O.; Arnold, Noelle Witherspoon – Teachers College Record, 2016
Background/Context: The influence of non-school based venues has been historically significant for people of African descent who have often had to buttress their schoolhouse experiences with support from community-based influences. For example, Black churches, barbershops and athletic environments like basketball courts, and soccer and cricket…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Blacks, Males, Educational Experience

Thomas, William B. – Teachers College Record, 1984
This article disputes psychological test results from the 1920s that indicated low performance by Blacks. Inaccurate experimental research procedures and conclusions of tests are observed. Cultural determinants, heredity, and influence of test instruments on data are examined. (DF)
Descriptors: Black Achievement, Blacks, Cultural Influences, Educational History