Numerous studies have consistently found negative effects of sibship size on educational outcomes. Three main explanations of these effects have been offered in the literature: (1) the dilution of family resources, (2) a changing intellectual environment in the family for each succeeding sibling, and (3) unobserved selectivity at the family level.…

A study of college graduates from the 1960s indicated that compared with men, women showed greater instability in occupational expectations; reaped lesser returns in occupational status from investments in advanced education; and were less likely to realize their occupational expectations. (Author/AV)

Presents results of a cross-national analysis assessing the generality of findings relating the spread of education to declining fertility. Reports only modest support for the spread of education effect. Explains that evidence was found to support the theory that demographic change is unlikely when mass education is limited to males. (DK)

Analyzes the relationships among mathematics achievement levels, income potential, high school aspirations, and the gender segregation of bachelor's degrees. Investigates how gender segregation changed between 1973 and 1983. Concludes that gender segregation is present at the high school and bachelor's levels. Maintains that psychological barriers…

Analyzes national data to trace the development of gender differences in learning opportunities, achievement, and choices in mathematics among white, black, and Hispanic students. Finds that the major barriers to mathematics achievement for for minority student of both sexes are limited learning opportunities and low achievement levels. (CFR)

Reviews the research on access to and persistence within higher education among women, minorities, older, and part-time students. Discovers that, although participation among these groups has risen dramatically since 1960, enrollment among blacks and Latinos dropped during the 1980s. Discusses causes and implications of these developments. (MJP)

Case studies showed that inequality between women and men is a very general feature of the Australian secondary school system. New approaches to the reform of sex inequalities in education are proposed. (RM)

Investigates and compares the effects of motivation for service on persistence in teaching among teachers in the 1960s and 1970s. With the exception of women in the 1960s (when few alternative careers were available), frustration among service-oriented teachers led to low levels of teacher persistence. (MJP)

Presents results of studies comparing the plans and aspirations of African-American and white high school seniors. Reports that both groups' plans followed similar trends during a period when the chances of college entry declined for African Americans. Attributes trends toward more education among African Americans but not whites to favorable…

Discusses the gender composition and degree of job segregation among current and recently hired employees in four-year colleges and universities. Results suggest that the gender composition of an institution is more balanced where there is a relatively high proportion of women administrators, women students, and less emphasis on research. (MJP)