Analysis of national survey data showed that the equity principle (those who contribute more should receive higher rewards) is a dominant U.S. social value, varying with education but not other life-chance differences. Equality counternorms were related to all life-chance variables, particularly race and income. Contains 30 references. (SV)

Prior research has shown that individuals living in the South express significantly less tolerant attitudes than the rest of the nation, while individuals residing in urban areas express significantly more tolerant attitudes than their rural peers. The authors seek to explain these generally unspecified Southern and urban effects by identifying…

Stouffer's classic study of attitudes toward civil liberties is re-examined using education, city size, exposure to mass media news, gender, and occupation as indices of exposure to diversity. (Author/AM)

In a 1985 Wisconsin survey, 1,003 respondents made child support judgments for 3 hypothetical family vignettes. Their awards generally fit a system in which parents' contributions are proportional to their resources, a system based on everyday principles of fairness. Contains 61 references. (SV)

Using General Social Survey and National Election Study, shows that from 1974 to 1986 percentage of young people willing to apply a conservative label to themselves increased, holding constant attitudes typically indicative of conservatism. Suggests that perceived increases in conservatism reflect not only a shift in attitudes but also a change in…

Notes that the paper by Williams et al (Social Forces, 55(2), 1976) establishes the reliability of Stouffer's tolerance scale in 1954 and 1973, but that it seriously distorts rather than illuminates understanding of political tolerance. (Author/AM)

Refutes the criticisms made by Harry Crockett (Social Forces 55(2), 1976) and conclude that there is no evidence in his criticisms that the interpretations of the origins of tolerance previously expressed are wrong. (AM)

An analysis of the results of an administration of Rosen's Achievement Values Scale and Srole's Anomie Scale to adult women residents of a low-income housing project indicated no intrinsic relationship between anomie and achievement values. (JM)

Data from the 1988 National Survey of Families and Households indicate that men's housework and child-rearing efforts are powerful determinants of wives' and husbands' perceptions of the fairness of the division of household chores. Wives' employment hours have no effect on husbands' fairness perceptions but are significantly related to wives'…

Survey of 2,362 members of the International Association of Women found that most members came from the traditional business-oriented upper middle class and politically moderate upper class. Members saw child welfare and health, education, substance abuse, adolescent issues, economic well-being, and environment as most important issues, but…

Among 2,321 Russian adults surveyed, about half supported market institutions and about a third supported state-based economic institutions. Higher educational level was associated with proreform attitudes. Economic ideology strongly affected voting behavior, party choice, income, Communist party membership, and prodemocracy views, and also…

This article addresses the construction of citizenship in contemporary England as a boundary between "proper" and "improper" English behavior. Through an ethnographic study of the Exodus Collective, a Rastafarian-anarchist community that was located north of London, I show that constructing citizenship also constructs…

Assimilation theorists have long viewed inter-group romantic partnerships as indicators of racial equality. Although the past half-century has witnessed the erosion of anti-miscegenation laws and subsequent increases in the frequency of interracial marriages, these unions remain relatively infrequent. Low intermarriage rates may be partially…

Using data collected among Mexican-American adolescents, this paper tests a model positing an effect of ethnic consciousness on system blame, and an effect of system blame on political leftism. For the sample as a whole, results support the model, although the effect of system blame on leftism is weak. (Author/JM)

Analyzes assumptions about individualism and conformity in American social commentary from the 1920s and 1970s. Suggests that individualism primarily involved self-expression and rebellion against society's restrictions in the 1920s, but had become a matter of self-absorption and quest for self-development by the 1970s. Contains 117 references.…