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Mun, Eunmi – Social Forces, 2010
Using unique data on employers' pre-hire preferences, this article examines the effect of sex typing on the gender gap in offered wages and training. Previous studies using post-hire data have not been able to focus directly on the effects of employer behavior, distinct from employee preferences. By analyzing gender-designated job requisitions for…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Labor Market, Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Sex Stereotypes
Hipp, John R. – Social Forces, 2009
Using a sample of households nested in census tracts in 24 metropolitan areas over four time points, this study provides a robust test of the determinants of neighborhood satisfaction, taking into account the census tract context. Consistent with social disorganization theory, the presence of racial/ethnic heterogeneity and single-parent…
Descriptors: Neighborhoods, Family (Sociological Unit), Metropolitan Areas, Place of Residence
Gebel, Michael; Giesecke, Johannes – Social Forces, 2011
In this article we use comparative micro data for 15 European countries covering the period 1992-2007 to study the impact of labor market reforms on the skill-related individual risk of holding a temporary contract and the risk of being unemployed. Our results indicate no general increase in either of these skill gaps. Using two-step multilevel…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Unemployment, Temporary Employment, Employment Patterns
Mandel, Hadas; Shalev, Michael – Social Forces, 2009
We assess the impact of the welfare state on cross-national variation in the gender wage gap. Earnings inequality between men and women is conceptualized as resulting from their different locations in the class hierarchy, combined with the severity of wage differentials between and within classes. This decomposition contributes to identifying…
Descriptors: Wages, Females, Labor Market, Salary Wage Differentials
Kanas, Agnieszka; van Tubergen, Frank – Social Forces, 2009
This study examines the economic returns to schooling acquired in the country of origin and the country of destination. It uses large-scale survey data on Turkish, Moroccan, Surinamese and Antillean immigrants in the Netherlands, which contain direct measures of pre- and post migration schooling. It is studied whether the returns to origin-country…
Descriptors: Labor Market, Foreign Countries, Immigrants, Economic Impact
Roksa, Josipa; Levey, Tania – Social Forces, 2010
While income inequality among college graduates is well documented, inequality in occupational status remains largely unexplored. We examine whether and how occupational specificity of college majors is related to college graduates' transition into the labor market and their subsequent occupational trajectories. Analyses of NLSY79 indicate that…
Descriptors: Majors (Students), Credentials, Employment Level, Employment Patterns
Zhang, Yuping; Hannum, Emily; Wang, Meiyan – Social Forces, 2008
Previous research on China's labor market gender gaps has emphasized the human and political capital disadvantages of women and new discrimination in the reform era. Analyzing the China Urban Labor Survey/China Adult Literacy Survey, this paper shows that while women are significantly disadvantaged by various measures of human and political…
Descriptors: Urban Schools, Marital Status, Employment Level, Mothers
Verbakel, Ellen; DiPrete, Thomas A. – Social Forces, 2008
Comparisons of wellbeing between the United States and Western Europe generally show that most Americans have higher standards of living than do Western Europeans at comparable locations in their national income distributions. These comparisons of wellbeing typically privilege disposable income and cash transfers while ignoring other aspects of…
Descriptors: Working Hours, Living Standards, Quality of Life, Labor Market
Dixon, Marc – Social Forces, 2008
Research on social movements and public policy has expanded tremendously in recent years, yet little of this work considers the role of movement opponents in the political process or how the movement-countermovement dynamic is influential in contests over policy. This historical study begins to fill this void by analyzing the contestation between…
Descriptors: Politics of Education, Public Policy, Equal Opportunities (Jobs), Case Studies
Greenman, Emily; Xie, Yu – Social Forces, 2008
There are sizeable earnings differentials by gender and race in the U.S. labor market, with women earning less than men and most racial/ethnic minority groups earning less than whites. It has been proposed in the previous literature that the effects of gender and race on earnings are additive, so that minority women suffer the full disadvantage of…
Descriptors: Gender Differences, Racial Differences, Racial Factors, Wages
Mendenhall, Ruby; Kalil, Ariel; Spindel, Laurel J.; Hart, Cassandra M. D. – Social Forces, 2008
We use a life course framework to examine how the "new risk economy" has left middle-age professionals, managers and executives more vulnerable to job loss and unemployment despite high levels of human capital. Using in-depth qualitative data from 77 recently-unemployed white-collar workers, we examine perceptions of macro-economic…
Descriptors: White Collar Occupations, Human Capital, Coping, Job Layoff
Scott, Allen J. – Social Forces, 2007
The cognitive-cultural dimensions of contemporary capitalism are identified by reference to its leading sectors, basic technologies, labor relations systems and market structures. Cognitive-cultural systems of production and work come to ground preeminently in large city regions. This state of affairs is manifest in the diverse clusters of…
Descriptors: Urban Areas, Social Systems, Employees, Labor Relations
Vaisey, Stephen – Social Forces, 2006
The study of education-occupation mismatch, once central to the sociological investigation of the labor market, has been largely abandoned. While labor economists and scholars in other nations continue to investigate overqualification, it has been more than two decades since its last sociological assessment in the United States. Drawing on…
Descriptors: Labor, Labor Market, Educational Attainment, Teacher Qualifications
Staff, Jeremy; Harris, Angel; Sabates, Ricardo; Briddell, Laine – Social Forces, 2010
Many youth in the United States lack clear occupational aspirations. This uncertainty in achievement ambitions may benefit socio-economic attainment if it signifies "role exploration," characterized by career development, continued education and enduring partnerships. By contrast, uncertainty may diminish attainment if it instead leads…
Descriptors: Occupational Aspiration, Career Development, Longitudinal Studies, Adolescents
Kesler, Christel – Social Forces, 2006
I examine patterns of joblessness among immigrant men and women from 33 countries of origin now living in Britain, Germany and Sweden. Access to welfare, access to the labor market, job segregation and institutional support for women's employment define distinct policy configurations in these three destinations. Findings show that gaps in…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Females, Labor Market, Immigration